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New deaths are at 456, bringing accumulated Covid-19 deaths in Asean to 302,549.
Published : December 26, 2021
By : THE NATION
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“With or without food on the table, we will celebrate Christmas,” said a survivor from Typhoon Rai that battered the central and southern Philippines last week.
The typhoon left a trail of destruction and killed at least 375 people with many still missing.
Gloria Fulido, resident from Bohol province that is one of the hard-hit provinces of Typhoon Rai, believed the festival spirit lives on despite the massive damage.
The most powerful typhoon to slam the Philippines this year knocked out power, telecommunications, and water supplies in regions in its path in the Southeast Asian country.
The national disaster agency said the estimated damage to agriculture and infrastructure has reached over 4 billion pesos (about 80 million U.S. dollars), adding that it damaged nearly 350,000 houses, including Fulido’s house.
People take photos in front of a giant Christmas tree during the launch of a Christmas-themed display at a mall in Quezon City, the Philippines, on Nov. 4, 2021. (Xinhua/Rouelle Umali)
Two days before Christmas, Fulido decorated a small Christmas tree and hung the pink star-shaped lantern in front of her roofless house.
“The devastation brought about by the typhoon will not dampen our Christmas spirit,” she added.
Christmas is usually marked by big celebrations in the Philippines. Traditional religious activities, family gatherings and endless parties are held during the holiday season. For the past few days, people thronged to Metro Manila bus stations and airports to head to their hometowns to celebrate the holidays season with relatives amid the threat of COVID-19 infections.
But in Fulido’s neighborhood, many houses are “sky-roofed” after the typhoon. Plastic sheets are used as temporary roofs.
Photo shows a fishing community damaged by Typhoon Rai along a shoreline in Leyte Province, the Philippines, Dec. 22, 2021. (Xinhua)
Marlon Yunson, a resident of Pitogo island town in Bohol province, teared up while recalling the damage his family experienced. “We lost everything that we built for 18 years in a snap,” he lamented.
Famous for the sprawling “chocolate hills” and the cute bug-eyed tarsiers that are listed as endangered species and are kept in the protected and fenced-off sanctuary to repopulate, Bohol is also among the best diving places in the Philippines.
But the typhoon damaged four of the more than 1,200 conical mounds known as “chocolate hills” and scared off the cute bug-eyed tarsier primates in the province.
Bohol Governor Arthur Yap said 107 people perished in the province and 12 more are still missing.
Yap dissuaded the people of Bohol from using firecrackers on Christmas eve and New Year to avoid fire as the province is running low with water due to the typhoon.
Filipinos believe in welcoming the new year with a bang by literally lighting firecrackers to usher in a prosperous new year. The tradition is usually destructive, causing fire, injuries and even death.
However, despite the tragedy that befell the province, it is not a bleak Christmas. A dozen of young people gathered to help repack and distribute donated clothes and foodstuff to the victims in Loon town.
“We are also victims, but there are people who need more help such as clothes and rice,” Anthonette Mae Gupit said.
Published : December 25, 2021
By : Xinhua
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The United States will lift COVID-related travel restrictions on eight southern African countries on Dec. 31, the White House announced Friday.
“On Dec. 31, (President Joe Biden) will lift the temporary travel restrictions on Southern Africa countries,” and the decision was based on the recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), White House Assistant Press Secretary Kevin Munoz said on Twitter.
Announced on Nov. 29, the travel ban barred non-U.S. citizens from entering the United States if they had traveled to South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Mozambique or Malawi within 14 days prior to their scheduled arrival in the United States.
Munoz said the restrictions “gave us time to understand” the highly transmissible Omicron variant of the coronavirus, which first emerged in southern Africa and soon spread around the world, now making up over 70 percent of new cases in the United States, per CDC data.
Getting fully vaccinated and boosted is still an effective way to fight against Omicron, he said.
Published : December 25, 2021
By : Xinhua
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U.S. Democratic Senator Joe Manchin’s opposition to President Joe Biden’s Build Back Better Act exposed “deep political divides” and Washington’s inability to “outcompete China,” said British writer Tom Fowdy in an article carried by RT recently.
Biden’s landmark 2-trillion-U.S. dollar social spending bill has been facing backlash from his own party, as Manchin publicly stated he would vote “no.”
“The blocking of the bill, however, goes far beyond party political disagreements,” said Fowdy. “It’s dealt a hammer blow to Biden’s vision for the economy.”
“It’s a demonstration of why the United States won’t be able to outcompete China on an economic level in the way Biden had hoped,” said Fowdy.
“The structural reality is that America can’t just coordinate its growth like China can, with one senator able to bring the whole stack of cards down,” the author said.
Published : December 25, 2021
By : Xinhua
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Hundreds of local merrymakers, including tourists and pilgrims, flocked to the famous Manger Square, where a giant Christmas tree was put up, taking selfie photos next to it.
Some of the women wore traditional Palestinian garments, while the children wore new dresses. The red color, which is the color of the Santa Claus’ suit, dominated the scene at the square.
But the joy of Christmas was incomplete due to the absence of foreign tourists and pilgrims who couldn’t visit the city because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
According to official figures, more than three million and a half foreign tourists visited the Palestinian territories in 2019 and most of them visited Bethlehem, a city that holds great significance in Christian history. However, since March 2020, the influx of foreign tourists has dwindled to almost zero.
During ceremonial activities around the Church of Nativity, Ibrahim Faltas, a Christian priest, told Xinhua that this year’s Christmas is difficult for all the Palestinians as the tourist industry has taken a heavy blow, forcing more people out of jobs.
A visitor uses a mobile phone to take photos during the lighting ceremony of the main Christmas tree at the Manger Square in the West Bank city of Bethlehem, on Dec. 4, 2021. (Photo by Luay Sababa/Xinhua)
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“But we must arm ourselves with hope despite all the difficulties, and we pray that this cloud will be removed from the entire world and the coming year will be better, in which peace and freedom prevail,” he said.
Palestinian Minister of Tourism and Antiquities Rula Maayah told Xinhua that this year’s Christmas in Bethlehem had many festive activities and events, unlike last year, which witnessed a complete closure.
A performer is seen during the annual Christmas caravan parade in the West Bank city of Bethlehem, on Dec. 19, 2021. (Photo by Luay Sababa/Xinhua)
“This year’s celebrations are without foreign tourism in light of the spread of the new variant of the coronavirus Omicron,” she said, adding that domestic tourism is active, as good numbers flocked to Bethlehem.
“Christmas brings with it the joy and hopes that the Palestinian people believe in,” said the Palestinian official.
Performers are seen during the annual Christmas caravan parade in the West Bank city of Bethlehem, on Dec. 19, 2021. (Photo by Luay Sababa/Xinhua)
Julia, a Palestinian girl wearing a red Santa Claus hat heading to the Manger Square, told Xinhua that she was happy to celebrate Christmas.
“I hope that a bigger celebration will come next year when peace prevails in the Palestinian territories,” the little girl said.
Um Yousef, a Muslim Palestinian woman, who brought her children to celebrate the festival on the street, said: “we Muslims and Christians in Bethlehem live in brotherhood and celebrate this holiday together without regard to religion.”
A woman lights candles at the Church of the Nativity two weeks before the Christmas celebrations in the West Bank city of Bethlehem, Dec. 11, 2021. (Photo by Luay Sababa/Xinhua)
Published : December 25, 2021
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At least a dozen of people have lost their lives before Christmas Eve while their vessels, carrying refugees and migrants heading for Europe, sank in Greek waters.
Two bodies have been retrieved as a rescue operation was underway Friday night near the Aegean Sea island of Paros, after the sinking of a vessel carrying refugees and migrants, according to Greek media reports.
So far, 57 passengers have been rescued, with survivors stating that about 80 people were on board, Greek national news agency AMNA reported.
Photo taken on March 2, 2020 shows refugees and migrants coming off a boat after arrival at Skala Sikaminias, in the island of Lesvos, Greece. (Xinhua/Marios Lolos)
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Earlier, the Hellenic Coast Guard announced that the death toll of the sinking of a refugee and migrant sailing boat on Thursday off the island of Antikythera on the edge of the Aegean Sea has reached 11.
Ninety passengers were rescued and transferred to Piraeus port, according to an e-mailed press statement.
The Greek authorities also announced on Wednesday that a similar boat sank near Folegandros island. Three people lost their lives, 13 were rescued and an unknown number of people were missing.
Greece has been at the forefront of the refugee and migrant influx since 2015. Hundreds have perished in the Aegean Sea in the past six years.
A boat (R) with refugees and migrants arrives at Skala Sikaminias, on the Greek island of Lesbos, Greece, Feb. 29, 2020. (Xinhua/Marios Lolos)
Published : December 25, 2021
By : Xinhua
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The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has shortened the isolation periods for healthcare workers infected with COVID-19, due to hospital staffing shortages driven by the surge in new cases and hospitalizations.
The CDC revised its guidelines on Thursday, recommending that healthcare workers who are asymptomatic return to work after seven days with a negative test, adding that “isolation time can be cut further if there are staffing shortages.”
The agency also said that those workers who have received all recommended vaccine doses, including boosters, do not need to quarantine at home following high-risk exposures.
The new guidelines apply to all healthcare facilities that are directly involved in patient care, which include hospitals, nursing homes, dental offices and other medical sites.
A healthcare worker watches a patient in the “COVID Area” of the Beverly Hospital in Montebello City, California, the United States, Jan. 22, 2021. (Xinhua)
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“As the healthcare community prepares for an anticipated surge in patients due to Omicron, CDC is updating our recommendations to reflect what we know about infection and exposure in the context of vaccination and booster doses,” said CDC Director Rochelle Walensky.
“Our goal is to keep healthcare personnel and patients safe, and to address and prevent undue burden on our healthcare facilities,” she said.
Walensky urged all healthcare personnel to get vaccinated and boosted.
The CDC stressed that the new guidelines do not extend to the general public and only apply to the healthcare workforce.
Others who are infected COVID-19 should isolate for 10 full days, according to CDC guidance.
Some health experts and business leaders are hoping that the CDC will consider loosening the period for all vaccinated Americans.
The CDC said it continues to evaluate isolation and quarantine recommendations for the broader population as it learns about the Omicron variant and will update the public as appropriate.
The new Omicron variant is driving a winter surge in COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations and deaths across the United States.
Many hospitals are already overburdened, especially with patients who remain unvaccinated and those who have delayed necessary care during the pandemic. Doctors, nurses and other workers have suffered extensive burnout.
U.S. President Joe Biden said this week that 1,000 military medical professionals would be deployed to help hospitals, and the U.S. National Guard is already working in some nursing homes and hospitals to address understaffing in several states.
Published : December 25, 2021
By : Xinhua
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“Anything that we can do to give children some normalcy and consistency is a great thing,” said Hasson, a clinical psychologist who lives in Gaithersburg.
She and others say one way to accomplish that safely is the growing school approach of “test-to-stay.” The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently recommended the practice, which allows unvaccinated students exposed to the coronavirus by a classmate to get tested regularly at school to make sure they are not infected. If they are negative, they stay in school.
The Montgomery County school system, where Hasson’s son is in fifth grade, conducted a trial run of the practice this fall and plans to expand test-to-stay in the new year. Nationally, a handful of states have recommended the practice, said Mara Aspinall, a professor at Arizona State University who has studied the issue.
And support for it is growing as the highly contagious omicron variant spreads, threatening a spike in quarantines.
“I expect schools will increasingly adopt it next semester,” Aspinall said. “It helps kids stay in school and assure everyone in the school community that classrooms are as safe as possible.”
The CDC released two studies – in Illinois and California – showing the effectiveness of the approach, with CDC Director Rochelle Walensky describing test-to-stay as “a promising and now proven practice” that “works to keep unvaccinated children in school safely.”
In Montgomery, home to the state’s largest school system, the protocols were in use at seven schools as of mid-December. Students exposed to a virus-positive classmate were able to do rapid testing each morning for five school days, if they had parental permission, rather than simply go home.
The result was significant: a combined 240 days of in-person learning spared from quarantine, said Earl Stoddard, assistant chief administrative officer for Montgomery County and part of the leadership team on the effort. What’s more, none of the students who stayed in school tested positive, he said.
“It was definitely successful,” he said. “We’re going to need to do more of it.”
Stoddard said that while omicron appears to cause less serious illness, the variant’s high transmissibility will result in more cases, which under current CDC guidelines could mean more potential quarantines – “thus making test-to-stay more important,”
In the Washington region, test-to-stay is still new – and untried in school systems in Arlington, Alexandria and Prince George’s counties. School officials in Fairfax County submitted a request to be part of a test-to-stay pilot program Virginia is planning for the new year, a spokeswoman said.
School system officials in Montgomery say the practice is being used for exposures during eating or drinking, essentially lunch time – when masks are off but there is no forced exhalation as would happen during sports activities. There has been a limited number of such cases, schools spokesman Christopher Cram said.
For all of the promise of test-to-stay, there are challenges, too. Nationally, some school systems have struggled to find sufficient staffing to coordinate testing, acquire the necessary stock of rapid tests and gather parental permission for the testing, Aspinall said.
In Montgomery, rapid tests are not an obstacle, according to Stoddard. “The biggest challenge, by leaps and bounds, is staffing,” he said. The county has 75 extra contract employees, all in nursing, to bolster testing and other health efforts in schools, he said, and expects to bring more into schools in January.
“The limitations have often been the availability of personnel, as in people who are interested in doing this type of testing are available and are ready to come on board rapidly,” Stoddard said Wednesday.
Still, supporters of the practice say there needs to be greater urgency, claiming Montgomery County has been too slow to roll out the practice in its 209 schools and too tight-lipped about how the effort is going.
Jennifer Reesman, a parent leader who has testified before the Montgomery County school board on the issue, says the pace has cost students important in-school hours that could have helped with pandemic learning losses. Every day and every hour of instruction counts, she said.
Data released this fall in Montgomery County showed a decrease of 35 percentage points in literacy readiness among second-graders and a decrease of 26 percentage points on math measures among fifth-graders for the year that ended in June compared with 2019, the last regular school year that ended before the pandemic.
“Test-to-stay is an incredibly equitable and effective program,” said Reesman, urging it be deployed “far more widely” and used for other circumstances beyond lunch. “We should not have entire-class or entire-grade quarantines in high-vaccinated Montgomery County,” she said. “We are a tool-rich county. We’re just not using the tools we have very wisely.”
Stoddard attributed the slow ramping up of test-to-stay to a desire to scrutinize a new program to ensure it would not create new risks. He also said nurses have not been easy to come by so many months into the pandemic.
At New Hampshire Estates Elementary, in Silver Spring, PTA President Kea Anderson said nearly half of K-2 students were in quarantine the Tuesday before winter break, following 13 days of accumulating cases. She posted a tweet asking how to bring test-to-stay into the high-needs school.
“Test-to-stay is kind of a mystery,” Anderson said. “How do we get it? I don’t know.”
For school families, quarantines are highly disruptive, she said: “It’s not easy for many of our families to switch to virtual learning because they can’t stay home or arrange care at a moment’s notice.”
Montgomery, like many school systems, also uses other strategies to reduce quarantines. When students are properly masked and one tests positive, quarantines are not mandated for close contacts, as long as they are enrolled in – or sign up for – the school system’s coronavirus-screening program. In those cases, students continue to attend in-person classes but can’t participate in high-risk activities and are expected to quarantine outside of school.
Nationally, some school systems eased up on quarantine rules starting last school year.
Jennifer Martin, president of the Montgomery County Education Association, the 14,000-member teachers union, said it was too early to comment on the efficacy of test-to-stay, which many teachers don’t know enough about yet. But broadly speaking, Martin said, teachers recognize that students have gone through a lot and learn best in person. “If we are safe together, we want to be together,” she said.
Hasson, the mother of two in Gaithersburg, said that as a psychologist she worries about the mental health toll of more missed school days for students. She thinks test-to-stay will help.
“There is no way to have zero risk,” Hasson said. “But this would allow the student to continue to go to school, while minimizing the risk of an outbreak.”
Published : December 25, 2021
By : The Washington Post
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The problem with molnupiravir lies in its mechanism of action. Unlike any previous antiviral drug, molnupiravir does only one thing: It introduces mutations into the viral genome. We are already familiar with the fact that viruses naturally mutate to evade immunity; the many mutations of the spike protein in omicron, for example, allow it to evade the antibodies created by prior infections or vaccines. Molnupiravir relies on inducing even more mutations so that eventually the virus’s proteins are damaged beyond function. That molnupiravir can mutate SARS-CoV-2 to death has been demonstrated in the controlled conditions of a petri dish and lab animal cages, leading Merck to test it in covid-19 patients in clinical trials.
But people are not petri dishes or lab animals, and while molnupiravir works to some extent, it has not worked very well in covid-19 patients. Specifically, molnupiravir reduced hospitalizations by only 30 percent. In contrast, Pfizer’s antiviral drug Paxlovid, which works by a different mechanism and was also approved this week by the FDA, reduced hospitalization by 89 percent. (My lab does research on drugs using the same mechanism as Paxlovid – inhibition of the viral protease enzyme – independently of any company affiliations.) This means that most of the time that molnupiravir was given the opportunity, it failed to inhibit viral replication enough to allow the patient to avoid hospitalization.
Merck’s own research, published Thursday, explains why. It found that viable virus can still be detected in some patients on the third day of treatment with the drug. That means that for at least several days, the drug is in the body mutating the virus – but not all virus genomes have picked up enough mutations to die off. For those initial few days, then, the patient is a breeding ground for viable mutated viruses.
The first days of molnupiravir treatment present a clear opportunity for mutant viruses to be transmitted to family members or caregivers. Viral evolution is a process of selecting for rare mutations that are beneficial to the virus. It doesn’t matter if just one out of the billions of copies of viruses in an infected individual mutates to a higher level of fitness. That single copy, either by evading existing antibodies or replicating to yet higher levels of fitness, will become amplified either in that patient or in the next person infected.
The worst-case scenario is worrisome. As long as molnupiravir is in use somewhere in the world, it could generate repeated cycles of new variants, with people desperately taking the drug to fight the new variants it spawns, creating a vicious positive feedback loop while causing more suffering and deaths.
Molnupiravir’s low efficacy may come as no surprise, because drugs that only mutate a viral genome have never been tested before in people. By contrast, the previous antiviral medication capable of mutating viruses, ribavirin, also had direct effects, including blocking the viral replication enzyme and stimulating innate immunity – and that was with much less contagious viruses. We didn’t know how well a drug whose sole function is to introduce mutations could work against a highly contagious, rapidly replicating virus. Now we know: not very well.
The FDA’s fact sheet for prescribers, also released Thursday, actually recognizes the risk that a mutated virus could escape. It says: “Completion of the full 5-day treatment course and continued isolation in accordance with public health recommendations are important to maximize viral clearance and minimize transmission of SARS-CoV-2.” But how are we going to prevent people from stopping the drug, or forgetting a dose, or merely talking and dining with family members without masks, throughout treatment? This is simply not realistic in the general population.
In addition, the fact sheet recognizes that “changes in the spike protein occurred at positions targeted by monoclonal antibodies and vaccines.” Bafflingly, however, it adds, “The clinical and public health significance of these changes are unknown.” The significance of changes to spike protein positions by antibodies and vaccines is very well known: These changes are what allowed each variant of concern – from alpha to beta to delta to omicron – to evade immunity from previous infection, vaccines or monoclonal antibody treatment.
What can be done? We can take some comfort in the FDA’s requiring Merck to report, within three months, the viral mutations induced by molnupiravir in clinical trial participants. Merck will also need to report viral mutations in immunocompromised patients, who are likely to harbor viruses longer. As this crucial information should have been supplied before approval, a responsible approach would be to limit molnupiravir use for the next three months to the best controlled settings. For example, health care providers could prescribe it only to people who live alone, or who live in managed care or nursing facilities where effective isolation can be implemented. And then it will be important for the FDA to be ready to revoke the emergency-use authorization if viable immunoevasive variants do indeed arise, even if only once.
The FDA and Merck have essentially engaged the public in a gamble without public debate. They are betting that every single mutated virus copy that will be transmitted from patients taking molnupiravir will be neutral, or hurt the virus itself and not its host – that there won’t be even one case of a lucky hit that creates a more capable or evasive virus. This seems like a bad bet, as SARS-CoV-2 has a track record in this pandemic of winning its own bets. But now that the dice have been rolled, we must take every measure we can to use the drug responsibly and quantify its risks. Our ability to end the pandemic may well depend on it.
Published : December 25, 2021
By : The Washington Post
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The medical provider’s announcement came as Prince George’s County Executive Angela Alsobrooks, D, announced on Twitter that she had tested positive for the coronavirus and was “experiencing mild symptoms.”
Photo Credit: Washington Post photo by Michael Robinson Chavez
“To keep my parents and family safe, we have cancelled Christmas dinner at my house and will be gathering virtually this year,” she tweeted. Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan, R, announced earlier in the week that he had tested positive. Both said they were fully vaccinated and had received booster doses.
With the highly transmissible omicron variant spreading across the region, the emergency declaration by the Maryland health-care provider allows the Upper Chesapeake Medical Center in Bel Air and the Harford Memorial Hospital in Havre de Grace to modify surgical schedules and redeploy staff to meet a surging demand for care.
Hospital officials described the measure as “unprecedented” for its organization.
“We did not take this decision lightly,” Fermin Barrueto, an Upper Chesapeake Health senior vice president, said in a telephone interview. “The demand for our services has outstripped our resources, which includes staffing.”
He said the emergency measure is expected to last “days, weeks, but your guess is as good as mine.”
Martha Mallonee, a spokesperson for Upper Chesapeake Health, said in an email that the system does not release its case count “because they change too much hour by hour.” However, she added that the statistic that remains consistent is that 75% to 80% of patients admitted to the facilities for covid-19 are unvaccinated.
Between the two hospitals, coronavirus cases have increased 458% in the past month, according to the statement. At Upper Chesapeake Medical Center alone, the caseload has increased 733%.
Barrueto said surging cases have coincided with a staffing shortage in the hospitals’ intensive care and emergency departments. As has been the case in medical facilities across the country, Barrueto attributed the decrease in staff to “burnout” and “moral distress” among hospital workers.
“It has been a challenge,” he said.
Across the region, coronavirus cases are climbing, with Maryland on Thursday reporting 6,869 new positive tests, its highest single-day count since the pandemic’s start.
With Maryland’s covid-19 hospitalizations rising above 1,500, medical centers were required to institute their pandemic plans. That includes reducing the number of non-urgent or elective procedures and surgeries, transferring patients to other sites, and increasing the number of beds available.
Hogan said in a statement Thursday that he expected “record levels” of hospitalizations in coming weeks, with the unvaccinated “driving the strain on our health care system.”
Meanwhile, D.C. has been reporting its own unprecedented number of cases, with a single-day record of 1,904 new cases on Thursday.
Virginia, which is the only one of the three jurisdictions to update numbers Friday, had 8,756 new cases. The state’s seven-day average of new cases per 100,000 is now up to 60.16, a level not seen since January’s surge.
Published : December 25, 2021
By : The Washington Post
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