Philippine city faces charges over thrash

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/Philippine-city-faces-charges-over-thrash-30279356.html

Nestor P Burgos Jr,
Victor Anthony Silva
Philippines Daily Inquirer
AEC NEWS   MON, 15 FEB, 2016 4:11 PM

ILOILO CITY – Lack of funds, high cost of land and the huge volume of garbage are among the reasons local governments in the Visayas cite for allowing dumps in their jurisdictions in violation of the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act, or Republic Act No. 9003.

The local governments are facing environmental charges in the Office of the Ombudsman for failing to construct sanitary landfills.

“We want to put up a sanitary landfill. But we are overwhelmed by the volume of garbage and the cost [of the facility]. We are seeking help from the provincial and national governments,” said Mayor Juancho Alvarez of Ajuy town in Iloilo province.

Ajuy has a materials recovery facility (MRF) in the town center catering to five of the town’s 34 barangays. But Alvarez said the facility could not cope with the increasing volume of garbage, which reaches more than a truckload every day.

“We are eyeing a site for a controlled dump or sanitary facility, but we also need technical assistance,” he told the Inquirer.

P20M for landfill

Mayor Joel Quiño of Compostela, Cebu province, said the local government was doing everything it could to dispose of the town’s trash in accordance with RA 9003, but it did not have the estimated P20 million needed to build a landfill.

“If we rate solid waste management in the town, I can say I am not that satisfied. We lack facilities because we lack funds,” Quiño told the Cebu Daily News, a sister publication of the Inquirer in Cebu City.

Ajuy and Compostela are among the 50 local government units (LGUs) being investigated for violations of RA 9003. The law prohibits open dumps and mandates the putting up of sanitary landfills and material recovery or recycling facilities.

About 600 mayors, vice mayors, members of the municipal and city councils, and chief environment officers of local governments across the country face criminal and administrative charges if found liable for violations.

On Feb. 10, the National Solid Waste Management Commission filed the complaints against the officials for failing to comply with solid waste management standards prescribed by the 15-year-old law.

These were not yet full-blown administrative and criminal cases but complaints for strategic fact-finding investigations, according to Deputy Ombudsman for Luzon Gerard Mosquera.

Mosquera said the Ombudsman would gather evidence to determine if there was basis to conduct a full investigation.

In the Visayas, the LGUs being investigated include Compostela and Bogo City in Cebu; Ajuy, Sta. Barbara, Sara, Banate and Concepcion towns in Iloilo; and Nabas town in Aklan.

Quiño said Compostela was earning only P70 million to P80 million a year from local taxes and from its Internal Revenue Allotment share and there was nothing to spare to build a sanitary landfill.

Wilfredo Hinoguin, municipal solid waste management officer, insisted that the local government was not operating an open dump but an MRF that doubled as a “mini-dump” since the town’s dump was shut down last year.

Bogo has begun constructing a sanitary landfill on an 8-hectare lot in Barangay Lapas, but the P8 million allocated for the project was not even half the P20 million needed to build the facility, city administrator Max Suico said.

Suico said the P8 million was used for clearing operations and buying the equipment for garbage collection and compacting. “If we build it by phase, [we can] fund the construction. [But] I don’t think it’s possible to shell out money for the whole thing (all at once),” he said.

Mayor James Solanoy of Nabas said the town could not find a site for a landfill because of the soil quality in prospective sites.

Amend law

Mayor Dennis Superficial of Sta. Barbara said RA 9003 should be amended because its provisions were difficult to implement.

“The cost of land is prohibitive and small LGUs cannot afford to purchase land and operate the landfills,” he said.

Sta. Barbara has a controlled dump and an MRF in a 2.5-hectare lot in Barangay Daga, but the facility could not cope with the volume of garbage reaching three tons every day, Superficial said.

Pyrolysis technology

“Garbage has accumulated because these cannot be processed as soon as they come in and we can only recycle less than a fourth of the total volume,” he said.

He said the town had already approved a plan to adopt pyrolysis technology in waste recycling and treatment.

The technology uses heat and magnets to recycle garbage. It is considered environment-friendly because it does not emit smoke, according to Superficial.

Sta. Barbara plans to enter into a public-private partnership scheme to implement the project.

“This would be faster, cheaper and simpler to operate,” Superficial said.

Week in review: Myanmar

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/Week-in-review-Myanmar-30279291.html

Myanmar Eleven
AEC NEWS   MON, 15 FEB, 2016 1:00 AM

Australian miner wins licence

Australian PanAust Group was granted exploration licences for three mining blocks in Sagaing region, covering 1,400 square kilometres of land considered highly prospective for copper and gold.

Managing director Fred Hess said this is an opportunity to strengthen the company’s presence in Asia and participate in the economic transition underway within the country.

Geochemical sampling and mapping is underway to identify potential drill targets by year-end.

Pedestrian tunnels mulled

The Yangon City Development Committee plans to build pedestrian tunnels in Yangon to ease worsening congestion.

Officers have observed projects in Japan. Work is underway to suppress possible criminal activities inside the tunnels and also to protect them from floods.

U Bein Bridge still popular

Over 1,000 tourists visit U Bein Bridge on Taungthaman Lake in Mandalay daily this month, according to the Taungthaman Boat Association.

In December, visitors to the world’s oldest teak bridge numbered about 300-400.

French, German, American, Chinese and Korean tourists make up most of them.

The association has 45 small boats and 16 ancillary boats.

Signs of drought

Artesian wells and lakes in Myaing township of Magway’s Pakokku district were reportedly running dry due to lower rainfall during last year’s monsoon.

Last year Pakokku villagers were forced to pay for water deliveries.

Shan rebel fighting

The Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) and the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) opened fire on February 7 in Shan’s Kyaukme township.

As of Friday, the skirmishes continued, forcing more than 700 people from two villages to flee.

The skirmishes broke off after TNLA forces attacked mountainous areas held by the RCSS.

The RCSS said its attempts to negotiate have met with no response.

To mark the 69th Shan National Day on February 7, the RCSS/Shan State Army (SSA), which signed a nationwide ceasefire agreement with the government in October, issued a statement, saying it would closely monitor the new government’s policies and actions relating to the peace process.

They expressed high hope in the new government.

Five Karen parties to discuss merger

Chiefs of five Karen (Kayin) ethnic parties would convene the first merger talks in Hpa-An in Kayin state from February 27-28.

Mann Aung Pyi Soe, vice chairman of the Phalon Sawaw Democratic Party, said this followed the resolution reached on January 26 for a merger within a year.

Mann Kyaw Nyein, general secretary of the Karen National Party, said the focus of the talks must be on discussing policies to prevent any future dissolution of the merger.

Besides the two parties, they are the Karen Democratic Party, Karen People’s Party and Karen State Democracy and Development Party.

Suu Kyi threatened on Facebook

A Facebook user threatened to kill chairwoman of the National League for Democracy Aung San Suu Kyi, sparking a call from her supporters for legal action against him. So far, no action has been launched against the user named “Ye Myint Lwin”.

“Let’s think about the suspension of Section 59(f) of the Constitution. Please give me a AWM or a AS50 [sniper rifle] and a month’s training and I shall kill her,” he posted.

He has deactivated his account.

Dagon City project

The Myanmar Investment Commission (MIC) has given a plot in Yangon owned by the Ministry of Science and Technology to Marga Landmark Development Co as a new site for the Dagon City project.

Yangon residents last year protested against the original site near Shwedagon Pagoda, fearing harm to the sacred pagoda.

The MIC granted 7.2 hectares at the corner of Kabar Aye Pagoda Road and Kanbae Road in Yankin township.

Brand new MPT store

Myanma Posts and Telecommunications (MPT) has opened a store near Sule Pagoda, the first of over 100 MPT Brand flagship stores. All of them will be opened by next month.

Through the stores, it hopes to improve services to 18 million subscribers including lost or damaged SIM card replacement, top up credit purchases and the dissemination of MPT’s other services and promotions.

These will also increase the company’s points of sale from about 80,000 at present.

YGH staff doubles

Yangon General Hospital (YGH) saw a surge in its personnel capacity after the upgrade to a 2,000-bed hospital from 1,500 beds.

Budgets for public hospitals have been increased since the 2012-13 fiscal year. YGH received 750 million kyat (Bt22 million) in the 2012-13 fiscal year; 2.5 billion in the 2013-14 year, 4.8 billion in 2014-15 and 5.4 billion in 2015-16.

Tackling Singapore’s baby shortage

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/Tackling-Singapores-baby-shortage-30279326.html

Pearl Lee
The Straits Times
AEC NEWS   SUN, 14 FEB, 2016 9:26 PM

SINGAPORE – Low Jia Xin, 27, intends to have just one child, although her husband would prefer two, or even more, kids.

It is just one for Ms Low because she is worried that is all they can afford, never mind that the couple have good jobs in the civil service.

Lawyer Jill Koh, 26, who will get married at the end of this year to her businessman fiance, is adamant she will have children only in her 30s.

Her reason: She wants to work and travel, which would be difficult with a baby in tow.

These were some replies Insight received when asking prospective parents why they want only one child, or are putting off having children. Over the years, the Government has thrown baby-making incentives at couples, including cash bonuses and grants, childcare subsidies, and parenthood and childcare leave, even subsidising the hefty cost of fertility treatment.

But for a country known to tackle problems swiftly and efficiently, Singapore has found itself stumped as it attempts to get more couples to have babies, and have them earlier.

Sure, 33,793 Singaporean babies were born during last year’s Golden Jubilee, the highest number in 13 years. But Singapore still struggles with ultra-low fertility rates of below 1.4 – way below the replacement rate of 2.1 to maintain population levels.

Fertility rates are based on the average number of children born to a woman who completes her childbearing years.

The push for babies was in the spotlight earlier this month when the Government dangled a new carrot, saying it may make a second week of paternity leave compulsory, in addition to the current one week.

Some commuters were also upset by the latest fertility campaign from voluntary organisation I Love Children, whose advertisements in MRT stations feature cartoon sperm and slogans like “Women are born with a finite number of eggs”.

But beyond the slogans, cash carrots and the usual Chinese New Year pressuring of newlyweds, what else does it take to get couples to not only take the plunge into parenthood, but to do so earlier and have more children too?

WHY SO FEW BABIES?

Not getting married early, not getting married at all, and worries about the costs of raising kids and the state of the economy are some of the factors behind the overall fertility slump, according to those interviewed by The Sunday Times.

Ironically, Singapore’s push for higher education may have worked against the push for babies.

As women focused on their studies and careers, they put off plans for marriage and parenthood.

In 1970, the median age of a first-time bride was 23.1. By 1990, this rose to 25.3, and in 2014, 28.2.

As the chances of conceiving naturally decrease as a woman hits her 30s, those who marry after 30 are not likely to have large families.

Not only that, but the proportion of currently married, divorced or widowed women who stay childless has almost tripled in the past two decades.

In 2014, 11.2 per cent of women aged 40 to 49 – the age group that is likely to have completed childbearing – had no children. The figure was 4.2 per cent in 1994.

In a 2012 paper, National University of Singapore (NUS) sociologist Paulin Straughan says that while the state’s pro-family policies are important, they speak only to those who are already married. However, the issue of couples not having children is one closely linked to people getting married later.

In today’s world, where courtship strongly emphasises personal choice and self-fulfilment, choosing a life partner is made more challenging, says Dr Straughan. Hence, finding a partner takes a longer time. Compounding the problem are the goals and expectations young professionals set when they start work.

Most want to achieve a higher standard of living, and covet items such as cars and overseas trips. As they build their disposable income, most are happy to put off courtship and marriage, Dr Straughan says.

This means it is no longer unusual to remain single when one reaches the late 20s or 30s. Singles no longer feel social pressure to get married and have a family, she says.

Professor Jean Yeung, director of the Centre for Family and Population Research, shares a similar view. She tells The Sunday Times that the predominant reason for the low birth rate is the low marriage rate.

“Too many young people are not getting married. For those who do get married, we do get an average of 1.5 babies per couple,” she says. “More resources need to be committed to boost the marriage rate if we want more Singaporean babies.”

As for those who are married, financial issues – perceived or real – seem to weigh heavily.

Ms Low, who plans to have only one child, hopes to quit her job and stay at home when the stork delivers. “It is important to be there for the child,” she adds.

But this also means the family’s disposable income will decrease.

And as Dr Straughan points out, while most dual-income middle- class couples are able to provide basic childcare for their children, their wants are far greater.

This goes beyond compulsory mainstream education.

Even before the children are in primary school, their parents have enrolled them in tuition and enrichment classes in academic and non- academic areas.

With extra lessons becoming the norm and not the exception, household spending on tuition hit $1.1 billion in 2013, almost double the $650 million a decade ago.

And then there are economic uncertainties that weigh on couples.

Ms Low, who is a university graduate, as is her husband, says: “The Government can give cash grants and subsidies, and they give parents a good start.

“But having a child is for the long term. We don’t know what the financial climate will be or how much a university education will cost in the future.”

Indeed, after the 2009 global financial crisis, 30,131 citizen babies were born the following year, with the total fertility rate tumbling to a historic low of 1.15.

NUS sociologist Tan Ern Ser, who is also a council member at Families For Life, a council under the Ministry of Social and Family Development, says that parents, especially middle-class ones, are “most serious about their offspring having sufficient opportunities and resources to make it in life”.

“A pessimistic economic outlook does not give much confidence that they can provide that,” he says.

CHANGING WORKPLACE CULTURE

One area that could help prod reproduction is more flexibility in the workplace.

Dr Straughan says it is not realistic for the Government to keep giving cash grants and subsidies to encourage people to give birth.

What it can give that is valued by people is time.

And she has some ideas.

First, allow couples to split the maternity and paternity leave between themselves. “The opportunity cost would not fall solely on the mother this way,” she says.

Second, let companies lump childcare leave and parent-care leave under the broader term of family leave. This way, everyone with either children or parents can take time off for caregiving duties, and employers will not be able to discriminate against one particular group of employees.

Third, normalise flexi-work.

Employees can work whenever and wherever they can, which means parents can focus on their job even at home, when junior is in school or asleep.

“We need to change the organisational culture to one of innate trust,” adds Dr Straughan.

“But this is also the hardest to do.”

Prof Yeung also believes the focus should be on reducing the opportunity costs of getting married and having children. This means giving women equal job advancement opportunities and giving men more time and space to be involved in family matters.

Mr Desmond Choo, an MP for Tampines GRC, is all for legislating flexi-work. He made his parliamentary debut last month calling for mothers to get eight weeks of flexible work arrangement, on top of the 16 weeks of maternity leave they now get.

He argued that this will help mothers transit from caring for a newborn to full-time work. And he has first-hand experience.

Mr Choo’s civil servant wife Pamela Lee gave birth to their first child, Sarah, last September.

She took annual leave to stay with the baby after her maternity leave ended. He says: “The transition period is not easy. Mothers worry about whether the baby is able to adapt to a new routine, and the baby would have developed an attachment to the mother by this time.

“We have to be very sensitive to a parent’s transition needs. There is a lot of anxiety for the mother. If the workplace is not supportive, the mother may feel stuck.”

Companies have told him that such a flexi-work scheme would put a strain on them.

They also said that a two-week paternity leave scheme would burden other workers.

“But the view that women should stay home as the main caregiver is already an archaic one,” Mr Choo counters. “Workplaces need to be flexible and progressive in order to maximise talent.

“I believe this will be a differentiating point to people. Talent will no longer just chase after a good salary, but also a workplace that supports them having a family.”

CHANGING SOCIETY’S MINDSET

That might be just the ticket for the likes of lawyer Ms Koh, who is sometimes in the office till midnight.

Having a child is not on the horizon now because, she says, “if I have kids, I will have to manage my work hours, and if I travel, it will have to be to kid-friendly places without long flights”.

Ms Koh adds: “I do want to have children eventually, but I feel like I have to treasure my youth now.”

But for some couples, state incentives, finances and career aspirations are irrelevant.

They have kids because they simply want them.

Take tax manager Cheryl Sia, 32, and pathologist Ng Tong Yong, 38.

The couple had their daughter, Christie, in 2013, and their son, Hansel, last year.

Ms Sia says: “It is not easy, and we are often tired. We don’t have a maid and we don’t drive. Our parents are also not able to help with childcare. But we want children.”

The duo may have a third child when Hansel is slightly older.

Some adjustments had to be made. Both children were sent to a full-day infant care facility when they were four months old and Ms Sia’s maternity leave ended.

She also switched to another role at work, as her previous project- based role meant she operated on unpredictable timelines.

Dr Ng also takes time off using his annual leave to tend to his children, if need be. He says: “Fathers are increasingly playing a more involved role in family matters. And for me, I want to do what I can to support my wife’s decisions.”

Government incentives have helped the couple cope with child- raising, but Ms Sia points out: “We definitely did not plan according to government grants and subsidies.”

In a sign the Government will take a holistic approach to tackle the low birth rates, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said in his Chinese New Year message that the state will support parents and their child-raising responsibilities.

The family is one’s “pillar of strength and support”, and “cheers us on when we are down and rejoices with us when we achieve success”, Mr Lee said. “Beside babies, family is also about living a full life, experiencing joys and sorrows over a lifetime together with our loved ones.”

For Ms Sia, the invaluable rewards of motherhood are “the hugs and kisses” from her little ones.

Dr Kang Soon Hock, who heads the social science core at SIM University, says of the measures the state has pushed out: “There will always be people who do not wish to have children, and these measures may not do much to change their minds. But for those who are considering children, it helps to know such support exists.

“We have to try and remove as many barriers as we can.”

But will workplace support, more paternity leave, cash carrots and a more family-friendly society be enough?

Or will the younger generations’ aspirational desires for better lifestyles and careers, amid worries about the financial costs of raising children, hold sway?

As Ms Low, who has decided to stay home once she has a child, puts it: “I still struggle with my decision.

“My friends are all climbing the corporate ladder, and I don’t want to miss out on that. But I know that a sacrifice has to be made if we want to have children.”

VN nutrition strategy to focus on education, communication

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/VN-nutrition-strategy-to-focus-on-education-commun-30279323.html

News Desk
Viet Nam News
AEC NEWS  SUN, 14 FEB, 2016 9:20 PM

HCM CITY – Health experts have recommended that HCM City’s 2016-2020 national nutrition strategy should focus on education and communication, as well as research on nutrition to control obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure and lipid disorder.

The city has seen an increase of these diseases in the last five years, according to health experts.

Monitor and screening programmes should also be enhanced, said experts speaking at a recent workshop on the city’s 2011-2015 national nutrition strategy.

More effective training of human resources on the subject of nutrition was recommended.

According to a report from the city’s Nutrition Centre, the rate of students from primary to high school levels who were overweight or obese increased from 18.6 per cent in 2009 to 41.1 per cent in 2014.

This included at least 21.9 per cent of children under 5 years old.

The city has 13.4 per cent of primary students with high blood pressure, said Đỗ Thị Ngọc Diệp, head of the nutrition centre.

The proportion of secondary students high blood pressure is 16.9 per cent and for high school students 19.1 per cent.

Compared to females, the rate was higher for male students.

In addition, the rate in outlying districts was lower than the rate for children living in the inner city.

Diệp said that chronic conditions such as these had been increasing in recent years.

She said that solutions to prevent and control these conditions must be implemented soon.

The report also showed that the city had achieved its targets in the 2011-2015 national nutrition strategy.

For instance, the proportion of children and adults with malnutrition and mineral deficiencies fell and is now the lowest in the country.

Particularly, stunting among children under aged five dropped to 6.4 per cent. It fell by 4.1 per cent for children who weighed less than what is normal for their age.

The rate of female high school students with iron-deficiency anemia among all students fell from 25 per cent in 2011 to 8 per cent last year. This reduction was due to iron tablet supplementation.HCM CITY(VNS) — Health experts have recommended that HCM City’s 2016-2020 national nutrition strategy should focus on education and communication, as well as research on nutrition to control obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure and lipid disorder.

The city has seen an increase of these diseases in the last five years, according to health experts.

Monitor and screening programmes should also be enhanced, said experts speaking at a recent workshop on the city’s 2011-2015 national nutrition strategy.

More effective training of human resources on the subject of nutrition was recommended.

According to a report from the city’s Nutrition Centre, the rate of students from primary to high school levels who were overweight or obese increased from 18.6 per cent in 2009 to 41.1 per cent in 2014.

This included at least 21.9 per cent of children under 5 years old.

The city has 13.4 per cent of primary students with high blood pressure, said Đỗ Thị Ngọc Diệp, head of the nutrition centre.

The proportion of secondary students high blood pressure is 16.9 per cent and for high school students 19.1 per cent.

Compared to females, the rate was higher for male students.

In addition, the rate in outlying districts was lower than the rate for children living in the inner city.

Diệp said that chronic conditions such as these had been increasing in recent years.

She said that solutions to prevent and control these conditions must be implemented soon.

The report also showed that the city had achieved its targets in the 2011-2015 national nutrition strategy.

For instance, the proportion of children and adults with malnutrition and mineral deficiencies fell and is now the lowest in the country.

Particularly, stunting among children under aged five dropped to 6.4 per cent. It fell by 4.1 per cent for children who weighed less than what is normal for their age.

The rate of female high school students with iron-deficiency anemia among all students fell from 25 per cent in 2011 to 8 per cent last year. This reduction was due to iron tablet supplementation.

Also, the height of students increased by 0.4-3.9 centimetres during the period.

My BankAccount to ‘solve’ your Valentine’s woes

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/My-BankAccount-to-solve-your-Valentines-woes-30279278.html

 AEC NEWS   SUN, 14 FEB, 2016 3:06 PM

Kota Kinabalu : Stressed out about Valentine’s Day and what gifts to buy?

Worry no more – just listen to this song My BankAccount by local artiste and deejay Yu Tian Long in his three-minute video clip. The clip has garnered more than 4.6 million views with 108, 000 likes since it was uploaded four days ago.

This Valentine’s Day song is based on the original version by Singapore singer-songwriter JJ Lin.

Yu tells The Star that he understands what some people may be going through, especially those who have no money to spend for Valentine’s Day.

Yu said he came up with the video clip because he and his friends were always stressed out when Valentine’s Day approaches.

“We men have to think of ways to surprise our girlfriends or wives and each year, we have to think of something different or else,” he said jokingly.

He said it would be nice for a change if women thought of ways to surprise their other halves instead.

“Men also love surprises and want to feel appreciated,” Yu said.

“So I wanted to send a message to all the lovebirds out there, especially to the ladies that men’s love towards them cannot be measured just by looking at what they planned for Valentine’s Day,” he explained.

Yu said he did not expect the video clip to be a hit in such a short period of time but was glad it did, and hopes his message got through.

“The original singer of the song JJ, apparently had also seen and heard this song and told a friend of mine, that this is a fun and nice clip,” Yu said, adding he was flattered by the compliment.

Yu said he spent less than a day coming up with the lyrics and just couple of hours discussing about the dance moves with his friends.

The video clip was taken at a popular eatery not far from the state capital here.

It starts with a woman complaining to her boyfriend that he has changed and was not as romantic as before where he used to shower her with gifts and surprises on Valentine’s Day.

The video ends with her crying behind a pillar away from the man after breaking up with him.

The lyrics among others touch about his drying bank account and the increasing cost of living.

It also incorporates a message at the end of the song telling people that Valentine’s Day is just a day in a year, and should not be used to measure a man’s love for a woman.//The Star/Asia News Network

Vietnamese filmmakers to join workshop in Phnom Penh

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/Vietnamese-filmmakers-to-join-workshop-in-Phnom-Pe-30279244.html

Viet Nam News
 AEC NEWS   SUN, 14 FEB, 2016 12:54 PM

HANOI – Vietnamese filmmakers will join their Southeast Asian colleagues in a documentary script-writing residence and a documentary co-production meeting in Phnom Penh.

The selected authors will develop their documentary projects from February 22 to March 5 at the Bophana Centre. One trainer from Germany, a writer and director himself, will mentor the programme.

Together they will analyse the content and the aesthetic options of their projects. They will screen films related to their projects, define the development possibilities, and finally write a new version of their script.

The Goethe Institute in Vietnam, the French Institutes in Vietnam and Cambodia, and the Bophana Centre in Phnom Penh, have jointly organised the programme. The organisers promise that it would be an opportunity for Vietnamese filmmakers to produce their works in a professional way and then introduce them to world cinema and television.

Founded by film director Rithy Panh, the Bophana Centre collects every archive image and sound on Cambodia, and offers free public access to this unique heritage. The Bophana Centre also trains young Cambodians for careers in filmmaking, broadcasting and new media. The goal is to open their mind to artistic creation and foster a personal cultural production.

End persecution of ‘deviants’, the root of terrorism

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/End-persecution-of-deviants-the-root-of-terrorism-30279236.html

Azis Anwar Fachrudin
Special to the Jakarta Post
AEC NEWS   SUN, 14 FEB, 2016 1:00 AM

YOGYAKARTA – We have recently been exposed to three diverse issues, all following a familiar line – the tyranny of the majority. The latest is the threat to expel the Ahmadiyah community in Bangka; second, the expulsion of members of the Fajar Nusantara Movement (Gafatar) by people in Mempawah, West Kalimantan, and the burning of their property; third, the rise of negative prejudice against and verbal online persecution of members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community.

There might be a political, non-religious factor underneath the surface of the respective cases. The discrimination against Ahmadiyah is not new, and to some degree such treatment of minority faiths has been politically instrumentalized by local governments, like that against the Shiites of Sampang, East Java. The minorities are branded “deviant” or non-Muslim, or committers of a grave sin in the case of the LGBT.

Such reactions are typical of conservative Islam, which dismisses human rights considerations and empathy toward those of other faiths.

Ahmadiyah is considered heretical because it is against the Islamic “orthodoxy” on the finality of Muhammad’s prophethood (which is not entirely true because Mirza Ghulam Ahmad’s prophethood is not on an equal status with Muhammad’s). Its heresy is doubled as Ahmadis claim to be Muslims. Gafatar is said to be deviant because it is regarded as a syncretic cult, combining elements of the three Abrahamic faiths. As for homosexuality, it is still hard, at least until now, to say whether it is allowed under sharia as interpreted by the majority of today’s Muslims.

Yet in the history of the world’s major religions, each religion was considered deviant by the religious tradition of the community where the religion was born.

Muhammad’s claim of prophethood was regarded as blasphemous by Meccan pagans. From the perspective of Medinan Jews, Muhammad was appropriating the prophetic stories belonging to the Jewish tradition. Christians, claiming the messianic ministry of Jesus, let alone his divine status, were deviant in the eyes of the Jews. Add to this, Buddhism to Hinduism; Sikhism to Hinduism and Islam; and, more importantly, Nusantara’s local religions (aliran kepercayaan) to Indonesia’s officially sanctioned religions.

The history of aliran kepercayaan shows several elements picked from the major religions, combined or added to the previous beliefs and practices, and then appropriated — Gafatar is no exception. All these are something common to the history of almost all religions.

Further, all faiths become religions where the political context recognizes them as such. The fact that each religion becomes a distinct separate religion from its “ancestor” is a matter of political recognition. If aliran kepercayaan in Indonesia were officially recognized as religions, they would become religions.

In other words, there is no objective natural standard of deviant beliefs as well as “orthodoxy”. As such, considering Gafatar to be deviant based on Islamic orthodoxy is problematic. Besides, the deviant standard is politically constructed depending on who is in power — likewise the “normality” of heterosexuality and the “abnormality” of homosexuality.

If belief/practice X is considered deviant by religion Y because it picks an element from religion Y or interprets it differently from the mainstream, and as such X is worth eradicating, you can imagine how many aliran kepercayaan — as well as those embracing interpretations of Islam regarded as offensive to those who claim to be “pure” and orthodox Islam — would be considered blasphemous, treated like Gafatar, and maybe jailed for violating the country’s 1965 Blasphemy Law.

Therefore those Muslims shouting for the expulsion of people of other faiths merely because of their “deviant” beliefs have the same way of thinking and attitude as the Meccan pagans persecuting and expelling the early Muslims. Ironically those Muslims who were angry because of the expulsion of Rohingyapeople from Myanmar are now supporting what the Bangka government threatens to do to the Ahmadis.

As the government is set on fighting terrorism, it must first tackle the roots of terrorism — including the persecution of people based on belief. Law enforcement must guarantee freedom of belief as well as upholding clear authority and responsibility. Quite often, local governments and police exceed their authority and act according to the will of hardline groups and ignore their responsibility to protect persecuted citizens. In other words, the state must uproot or “deradicalize” itself from groups touting the persecution of others because of their different beliefs.

To end tyranny by the majority, the state must be neutral toward all beliefs, as mandated by its Constitution — certainly not by referring to edicts of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in the treatment of minority faiths. MUI edicts have too often provided justification for discrimination against religious minorities. Worse, the state often uses the edicts of the MUI, a non-state body, to determine what counts as blasphemous or defaming belief, which actually has an obscure definition in the Blasphemy Law.

If the state really wants to end this tyranny by the majority, it should detach itself from the MUI, and treat the MUI like any other non-government Muslim organization such as the Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. In its place the state should weigh more the considerations of scientists rather than clerics in dealing with the issue of sexual orientation and impartially address disputes among religious groups, calls to violence and other threats to our security.

So far, there is no clear evidence that Gafatar, Ahmadiyah, or the LGBT community are inciting terrorism, spreading hate speech, or striving to change the state ideology Pancasila. Ironically, they are treated discriminatively while several Islamic movements that have a clear subversive agenda, seeking to replace the Republic of Indonesia with an Islamic state, can hold large gatherings and/or freely preach in mosques.

More ironic is that those expelling people and burning precious property are free; the police could not even stop them; while the expelled have been treated like criminals merely because of “deviant” beliefs or “abnormal” sexual orientation. Such stigma, justified by fatwa, has become a license to expel or kill fellow citizens.

Note: The writer is a graduate student at the Center for Religious and Cross-cultural Studies (CRCS), Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta.

Binh Dinh’s nem fuses sweet, sour and spicy

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/Binh-Dinhs-nem-fuses-sweet-sour-and-spicy-30279243.html

Ngoc Phuong
Viet Nam News
 AEC NEWS   SUN, 14 FEB, 2016 1:00 AM

BINH DINH – Nem Cho Huyen (Cho Huyen pork roll) has a one-of-a-kind flavour that reflects the distinctive culinary culture of the central province of Binh Dinh.

Binh Dinh, a central coastal province with a stunning stretch of beaches and mountain ranges as well as beautiful islands, is a seriously underrated tourist destination.

Like many other Vietnamese regions, the province has its own special cuisine and traditions that should be better known.

Dishes that deserve to be included on the tourist culinary trail include banh xeo tom nhay (fresh savoury pancakes with shrimp), banh hoi chao long (thin rice vermicelli with rice porridge), banh it la gai (glutinous rice cake covered with pinnate leaves) and bun song than (dual-thread vermicelli).

But it is nem (pork roll) that is the real standout dish.

A snack that can be eaten as finger food or as an appetiser to a larger meal, nem appears everywhere in Binh Dinh, from vendors’ baskets to luxury banquets.

There are two kinds of nem: nem tuoi (grilled fresh pork roll) and nem chua (fermented pork roll). The latter can be grilled or eaten fresh after removing the leaf covering.

Traditional nem contains either grilled or fermented pork in addition to crispy greens, peanut sauce, garlic, chili and aromatic herbs. It usually comes wrapped and rolled in rice paper.

The mixture of sweet, sour, salty and spicy flavours make your mouth salivate with each bite.

The province’s speciality, Nem Cho Huyen, can be found in Tuy Phuoc’s District’s Phuoc Loc Commune.

The nem is named after Huyen market, which is located near a row of restaurants lining the 2km-long Highway 19 section that traverses the commune.

The restaurants’ barbecue fill the street air with the aroma of grilled pork, whetting your appetite even hours before dinner time.

In the cool weather of the final days of winter, the warmth from the grills is especially welcoming.

Finding the restaurants, Vo Thi Thanh Hoa, deputy chief of the commune, however, told me that Bon Lai restaurant might be the oldest nem maker and showed me how to get there.

Upon arrival, I was pleasantly surprised to see that Bon Lai was small but airy.

Welcoming me was Nguyen thi An, 76, the owner.

“My father-in-law was the one who created nem Cho Huyen,” she said. ” I’ve been making nem since I was 17 when I married his son. Now my daughter-in-law is managing the restaurant.”

The grilled nem tuoi and nem chua I ordered were served with a special sauce of peanuts, chilli, fish sauce, sugar and other spices.

I also had a side dish with fresh cucumber, dill, basil, lettuce, garlic and green mango, accompanied by rice paper for rolling the vegetables.

Some people like to eat nem tuoi fresh off the grill, but I prefer to add vegetables and roll it in rice paper as it helps to reduce the fatty taste.

A bit of fiery chilli paste from the condiment basket also adds a nice bite to the nem.

The fermented nem was covered with a guava leaf, which I like to eat. But some people take it off as it has a slightly acrid taste.

Bau Da wine, another famous speciality of the province, is often served with nem.

Handmade delicacy

Producing nem is a complicated process requiring patient, skilled workers.

Cook Le Thi Bay of Bon Lai restaurant told me that she and her workers visit the slaughterhouse each day as early as 4am to buy the best quality pork.

Only pork from the thighs of six- to eight-month-old pigs can meet the quality requirement.

To make nem, the pork is first sliced and ground with sliced pigskin, sugar, salt and garlic. For nem tuoi, the mix will be grilled over charcoal.

Fermented nem is wrapped with a guava leaf to absorb the moisture, and then covered with a banana leaf to make it look more attractive.

After three or four days, when it has a slightly sour taste, it is ready to eat. As it keeps well, it can be offered as a gift to family, friends or co-workers.

Nem is also made in other regions, especially during the Tet (Lunar New Year) season, as it is considered one of the must-have foods during the holiday.

Although nem Cho Huyen has been famous for nearly 100 years, it has yet to have a trade name.

The commune authority in Binh Dinh Province, however, has registered a copyright for nem Cho Huyen as part of its master plan to meet criteria for the national government’s new rural area programme, according to Hoa, the head of the commune’s people’s committee.

Though each region in the country has developed its own kind of nem, using most of the same ingredients, each version is a little different – crispier there, sweeter here and sour elsewhere. But all are indeed delicious.

More incentives for mid-career professionals making the switch to healthcare

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/More-incentives-for-mid-career-professionals-makin-30279239.html

Melissa Lin
The Straits Times
 AEC NEWS   SAT, 13 FEB, 2016 12:34 PM

SINGAPORE – Mid-career professionals looking to join the healthcare sector as nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists or diagnostic radiographer will have more reasons to take the plunge from this year – including a bigger training allowance and new degree options.

The Ministry of Health and Singapore Work Development Agency announced on Saturday that they will be increasing the monthly training allowance for their five healthcare professional conversion programmes (PCP) which enables individuals to get qualifications and skills to work in this sector.

From April, the allowances will be raised by between $50 and $150.

Current allowances range between $1,300 and $1,900, but this will increase to between $1,350 and $2,050.

This is the second round of enhancements to the PCP following the increase in monthly training allowance and introduction of a career transition bonus in 2014.

From September, mid-career professionals can also apply for the Singapore Institute of Techonology’s (SIT) new full time four-year degree programmes in physiotherapy, occupational therapy and diagnostic radiography.

Trainees selected for the degree programmes will receive allowances of $2,100 to $2,420 each month, depending on their prior work experience, and a one-time bonus of $2,000 upon graduation.

These programmes will replace Nanyang Polytechnic’s three-year diploma programmes for the same areas of study, which took in their last batch of students in April 2015.

Since 2003, over 1,000 people have made the mid-career switch to the healthcare sector.

Dr Amy Khor, Senior Minister of State for Health and the Environment and Water Resources, said the changes “are aimed at enabling more mid-career professionals to join the healthcare family”.

“With an ageing population, we need to train and recruit more nurses, therapists and radiographers,” she said at the sidelines of a healthcare career preview for mid-career professionals at SIT on Saturday. Another preview will be held from 8.30am to 1pm on Feb 20 at the Academic Plaza in SITs Dover campus.

Same-sex emoticons removed

ศาสตร์เกษตรดินปุ๋ย : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation

http://www.nationmultimedia.com/aec/Same-sex-emoticons-removed-30279234.html

Liza Yosephine
The Jakarta Post
AEC NEWS   SAT, 13 FEB, 2016 12:17 PM

JAKARTA – Following a social-backlash and warnings from the government, Japanese-based mobile chat application Line issued an apology on Friday for offering stickers featuring same-sex couples.

“We uphold the global standards, we filter culturally sensitive content,” Line Indonesia spokesman Teddy Arifianto said in a statement received by thejakartapost.com.

Teddy said that the company is sorry that the sensitive stickers were deemed as offensive as they were meant as an elaborate version of an emoticon, which are created by external parties from around the world and can be bought by Line users on its online store.

Line is reported to have subsequently removed all stickers considered to be culturally sensitive for users of the messaging app within the Indonesian market and would continue to monitor its search engine for any other inappropriate content.

Information and Communication Ministry spokesman Ismail Cawidu said Thursday that social media and messaging platforms should drop stickers that expressed support for the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual (LGBT) community.

The government’s recent warning to Line is the latest in a string of visible discouragement shown toward homosexuality within the socially conservative country. Although homosexuality is not illegal in Indonesia, it remains a sensitive issue.

Technology, Research, and Higher Education Minister Muhammad Nasir previously said, on the basis that a university is deemed to be a moral safeguard, that LGBT students should be banned from university campuses following news that a proactive organization at the University of Indonesia (UI) named the Support Group and Resource Center on Sexuality Studies (SGRC) were organizing activities and offering counseling for LGBT students.

Nasir’s statement sparked a weeks-long public debate and other officials, including the Culture and Elementary and Secondary Education Minister Anies Baswedan, the People’s Consultative Assembly chairman Zulkifli Hasan, House of Representatives member Reni Marliawati and Bandung Mayor Ridwan Kamil, have voiced similar sentiment with regard to the LGBT community. The Indonesian Ulema Council, the influential board of Muslim clerics, also voiced their concerns.

Meanwhile, human rights groups with the National Commission of Human Rights (Komnas HAM), describe the statements made by the public officials as a violation of human rights and suggest that they are contradictory to the fundamental principles of the nation.