#SootinClaimon.Com : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation.

Nuclear developers dust off plans for more reactors in U.K. (nationthailand.com)

Nuclear developers dust off plans for more reactors in U.K.

InternationalDec 12. 2020Contractors work inside Reactor Unit Two on the construction project for Hinkley Point C nuclear power station near Bridgwater, England, on July 28, 2020. MUST CREDIT: Bloomberg photo by Luke MacGregor. Photo by: Luke MacGregor — Bloomberg Location: Bridgwater, United Kingdom 

By Syndication The Washington Post, Bloomberg · Rachel Morison 

Nuclear power developers are refreshing plans for new reactors in the U.K. after speculation that the government could be willing to support building more plants than the industry had been expecting.

A little-noticed paper issued by the Treasury on Nov. 25 said it is important that the U.K. can “maintain options by pursuing additional large-scale nuclear projects,” assuming they can be done in a cost-effective way. That wording, with a notable plural on the word “projects,” went beyond a recommendation made two years ago that Britain should build only one more major atomic facility.

After years of waiting for a signal, the document was read by nuclear industry executives as evidence that energy policy could be shifting their way. They anticipate the government may soon look more favorably on nuclear after more than a decade of tilting toward renewables. Electricite de France, Hitachi and China General Nuclear Power Corp. are looking at ways to revive designs that were shelved in the past few years.

“Large-scale projects have a bright future in Britain if the government backs a financing model to cut the cost of capital,” said Tom Greatrex, chief executive officer of the Nuclear Industry Association. “There are a number of viable sites. We need low-carbon power that we can count on to fill the gaps when the wind is down.”

For its part, government insists its policy on nuclear hasn’t changed — even with all the debate about exiting the European Union. It’s allowing EDF to seek planning permission for the Sizewell plant in east England, but ministers have been quiet about what, if any, further plants might win favor.

“The government believes that nuclear has a key role in our future energy system,” a spokesperson at the department for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy said. “The energy white paper will set out further information on the government’s future plans for energy.”

Britain is likely to need nuclear to meet net-zero emissions goals even in the event of a no deal Brexit. By 2035, all of the U.K.’s eight existing nuclear plants are due to retire from service. They supply almost a fifth of the nation’s electricity.

The mood in industry has shifted quickly. As recently as Nov. 18, nuclear developers were disappointed that Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s 10-point plan for a green industrial revolution didn’t include thinking on large-scale reactors. Then, ministers pledged to release fresh thinking in the form of a white paper which may include details on a possible funding mechanism for nuclear projects, each of which require $20 billion or more. That paper is due within the next few weeks.

Before the Treasury’s paper on Nov. 25, it was widely believed the government would accept the advice of the National Infrastructure Commission, which in 2018 suggested one more major plant should be built beyond one EDF is constructing at Hinkley Point. Instead, the Treasury noted a need to create low-carbon sources of electricity to meet growing demand.

To the industry, that’s a shifting of the blockage they’ve felt from government. While ministers opened new paths to finance and permit offshore wind farms, they allowed a number of nuclear developments to slip off the agenda. A perception took hold that renewables were favored because they’re increasingly cheaper and quicker to build than nuclear plants.

Now, the government is promising more detail for the industry on how it plans to finance nuclear, giving executives hopes that work at more sites might be viable.

One of the biggest question marks is whether China will be able to move ahead with a long-planned reactor in the U.K. despite a political chill toward investment from that nation. Under pressure from the U.S., the government has clamped down on the spread of 5G mobile technology from Huawei Technologies.

China General Nuclear’s Chief Executive Officer Rob Davies said the company is willing to self-finance the Bradwell B project in southeast England. His remark suggests the company would take a market power price for electricity sold from the plant, a break from EDF’s move at Hinkley Point to secure a long-term contract before moving ahead.

The project would be a Chinese-designed reactor, called HPR1000. It would showcase the nation’s technical skill in Europe. Davies said CGN is committed to nuclear development in the U.K. regardless of the political winds.

“We plan to maintain our support for Hinkley Point C, to help Sizewell C to reach a Final Investment Decision, to complete the general design assessment for the HPR1000 and to continue with Bradwell. That’s our plan and that’s our offer to the U.K. And we’ll self finance,” he said at an industry event this month.

The CEO of Hitachi’s Horizon Nuclear Power subsidiary said he’s lining up a project for the Wylfa site in Wales. His remark is an indication that the project may still be revived even after Hitachi exited it in September after failing to agree on financing.

Horizon is open to nuclear developments both large and small on the Wylfa site and Duncan Hawthorne said he’s “confident that one of those solutions will emerge” after the publication of the white paper.

“We have a very viable offering we can put on the Wylfa site that would allow the site to move pretty seamlessly from the Advanced Boiling Water Reactor solution to another technology solution and broadly offer the same timetable and the same commercial offering to government,” he said, without saying what the project will be.

In June, EDF revamped plans for the Moorside site in Cumbria that Toshiba Corp. pulled out of in 2018. The proposed Clean Energy Hub includes a large nuclear plant, the same design as Hinkley Point and Sizewell, small modular reactors and advanced modular reactors.

“Ultimately it’s for government policy as to how many reactors they want and whether or not they want one technology or they want two technologies,” said Julia Pyke, director of financing for Sizewell at EDF. “We would love to build another U.K. European Pressurized Reactor at Moorside, and it would, of course, get cheaper because each time you do something you learn how to do it better.”

Not all of these projects will be built. In the U.K., EDF is building the Hinkley Point C nuclear plant in Somerset and next in line is the Sizewell site in Essex northeast of London. The government is keen on small modular reactors that are quicker to build and cheaper. If it gets enough of those, there may not be a need for any more large scale stations. That’s what policy makers will hope to avoid tying themselves into.

Just four years ago, nuclear reactors were at the heart of the government’s clean-energy program. Both Labour and Conservative governments backed measures to replace the eight existing plants that supply up to a fifth of the U.K.’s electricity.

“While large nuclear installations are an important part of the national strategy, there are a limited number of suitable sites in the U.K.,” said Vince Zabielski, a lawyer at Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman. “A sensible mix of both nuclear and renewables is the middle path that is most likely to lead to a carbon-free future.”

#SootinClaimon.Com : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation.

‘No ban by ministry on use of Thai traditional dance in animation game’ (nationthailand.com)

‘No ban by ministry on use of Thai traditional dance in animation game’

InternationalDec 12. 2020

By The Nation

The Culture Ministry has not banned the developers of “Home Sweet Home” game from using Thai traditional dance, Saroot Tubloy, Yggdrazil Group’s chief operating officer and game director, tweeted on Saturday.

Home Sweet Home is a first-person horror adventure game based on Thai myths and beliefs, which was launched in 2017 followed by the second episode in 2019.

Earlier, Puvaphat Chanasakol, an adviser to a subcommittee on e-sports, tweeted on Thursday that he had found out the ministry had banned the game developers from using Thai traditional dance, as it may result in a negative view of this dance. He later said he had misunderstood.

Saroot said the ministry had only disapproved their request to use illustrations of instruments and practices related to Thai traditional dance in the game because it could make people scared if associated with an animated Thai ghost dancer that looked very scary.

“Therefore, we redesigned the ghost dancer to ensure that people would not be afraid and would instead be impressed with its beauty,” he said.

#SootinClaimon.Com : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation.

White House orders FDA chief to authorize Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine Friday or submit his resignation (nationthailand.com)

White House orders FDA chief to authorize Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine Friday or submit his resignation

InternationalDec 12. 2020

By The Washington Post · Josh Dawsey, Laurie McGinley

WASHINGTON – White House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows on Friday told Stephen Hahn, the commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration, to submit his resignation if the agency does not clear the nation’s first coronavirus vaccine by day’s end, according to people familiar with the situation who spoke on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss what happened.

The threat came on the same day that President Donald Trump tweeted that the FDA is “a big, old, slow turtle” in its handling of vaccines, while exhorting Commissioner Stephen Hahn to “get the dam vaccines out NOW.” He added: “Stop playing games and start saving lives!!!”

It also led the FDA to accelerate its timetable for clearing America’s first vaccine from Saturday morning to later Friday, according to two people familiar with the process who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss internal matters.

The White House actions once again inject politics into the vaccine race, potentially undermining public trust in one of the most crucial tools to end the pandemic that has killed more than 290,000 Americans. It comes in the midst of a process that had been designed to show no shortcuts were taken in reviewing the safety and effectiveness of a vaccine as surveys show many people remain unsure whether they will get the shots.

A White House official declined to comment, saying “we don’t comment on private conversations, but the Chief regularly requests updates on progress toward a vaccine.”

“This is an untrue representation of the phone call with the Chief of Staff,” Hahn said in a statement. “The FDA was encouraged to continue working expeditiously on Pfizer-BioNTech’s EUA request. FDA is committed to issuing this authorization quickly, as we noted in our statement this morning.”

The two-shot vaccine, which has been shown to be 95% effective in randomized trials involving tens of thousands of people, has already been cleared by Britain, Canada, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. U.S. officials have engaged in a more rigorous review process that they believe will boost public confidence.

Meadows’ threat and the president’s tweets constituted the latest attack by Trump, who has complained vociferously that the vaccine wasn’t authorized before Election Day, blaming it on the ‘Deep State’ inside the agency that he accused of working against his reelection. Trump was also said to be upset that Britain cleared the vaccine before the United States, although the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine has been developed and reviewed in record time.

With the timetable apparently accelerated from Saturday morning, the FDA and Pfizer were rushing to complete the paperwork needed for the authorization, according to another individual who spoke on the condition of anonymity because he didn’t have authority to discuss the plans.

Pushing up authorization is not expected to change the timing of delivery of doses to vaccination sites or their readiness to give people shots, according to a person familiar with the distribution plans, not authorized to speak.

An FDA statement issued early Friday morning said the FDA had informed Pfizer that it would “rapidly work toward finalization and issuance of an emergency use authorization” following Thursday’s endorsement of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine by an agency advisory committee.

The statement was signed by Hahn and Peter Marks, director of the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, which reviews vaccines. The officials said the FDA has also notified the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Operation Warp Speed, “so they can execute their plans for timely vaccine distribution.”

An FDA advisory committee reviewed the vaccine for more than eight hours Thursday and voted overwhelmingly in favor of using it in people age 16 and older. It is unclear whether a decision on the vaccine on a Friday night would do anything to speed up the delivery of the first vaccine doses.