ข่าวกรองพบจีนจ้างคนนอกโจมตีทหารอเมริกันในอัฟกานิสถาน #SootinClaimon.Com

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https://www.posttoday.com/world/641655

วันที่ 31 ธ.ค. 2563 เวลา 15:00 น.ข่าวกรองพบจีนจ้างคนนอกโจมตีทหารอเมริกันในอัฟกานิสถาน โดนัลด์ ทรัมป์ ได้รับแจ้งว่าจีนพยายามจ่ายเงินให้คนนอกโจมตีกองกำลังสหรัฐในอัฟกานิสถาน

สำนักข่าวซีเอ็นเอ็นรายงานโดยอ้างคำให้สัมภาษณ์ของเจ้าหน้าที่ระดับสูงของสหรัฐรายหนึ่งว่า ประธานาธิบดี โดนัลด์ ทรัมป์ ได้รับแจ้งข่าวกรองเมื่อวันที่ 17 ธ.ค.ว่า ทางการจีนพยายามจ่ายเงินให้คนนอกโจมตีกองกำลังของสหรัฐในอัฟกานิสถาน และทรัมป์ได้หารือเรื่องดังกล่าวกับ โรเบิร์ต โอไบรอัน ที่ปรึกษาด้านความมั่นคงในวันเดียวกันนั้น

แม้ว่าข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับข่าวกรองดังกล่าวยังไม่มีการยืนยัน แต่กรณีนี้ก็คล้ายกับข่าวกรองก่อนหน้านี้ว่ารัสเซียเสนอเงินรางวัลให้กลุ่มตาลีบันสังหารทหารอเมริกันในอัฟกานิสถานซึ่งทรัมป์ก็ได้รับแจ้งจากเจ้าหน้าที่เช่นกัน

ในขณะนั้นเจ้าหน้าที่สหรัฐที่ทราบเรื่องดังกล่าวยืนยันกับซีเอ็นเอ็นว่าพบการโอนเงิน แต่ไม่แน่ชัดว่าข้อมูลดังกล่าวเชื่อถือได้มากน้อยเพียงใดและรัสเซียติดต่อกับใคร

ซีเอ็นเอ็นระบุว่า ข่าวกรองครั้งล่าสุดนี้เกิดขึ้นในช่วงที่ทางการจีนรอดูท่าทีว่า โจ ไบเดน จะสานต่อนโยบายกดดันจีนของทรัมป์หรือจะเดินหน้าฟื้นฟูความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างสองประเทศ

นักการทูตในสมัยของอดีตประธานาธิบดี บารัก โอบามา ชี้แนะให้สหรัฐสร้างความร่วมมือกับจีนแทนที่การเผชิญหน้า ทว่ามีหลักฐานว่ามุมมองของไบเดนต่อจีนได้เปลี่ยนไปในช่วงหลายปีที่ผ่านมาซึ่งสอดคล้องกับคนอเมริกันส่วนใหญ่ที่มองว่าจีนเป็นศัตรูของสหรัฐ

จีนอนุมัติให้ใช้วัคซีนกับคนทั่วไปครั้งแรก #SootinClaimon.Com

#SootinClaimon.Com : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์โพสต์ทูเดย์

https://www.posttoday.com/world/641659

วันที่ 31 ธ.ค. 2563 เวลา 13:00 น.จีนอนุมัติให้ใช้วัคซีนกับคนทั่วไปครั้งแรกทางการจีนอนุมัติให้ใช้วัควีนของซิโนฟาร์มกับประชาชนทั่วไปเป็นครั้งแรกของประเทศ  

สำนักงานการบริหารผลิตภัณฑ์ทางการแพทย์แห่งชาติอนุมัติแบบมีเงื่อนไขให้ใช้วัคซีนต้าน Covid-19 ที่พัฒนาโดยบริษัท ไชนา เนชันแนลไบโอเทค กรุ๊ป ในเครือบริษัทซิโนฟาร์ม (Sinopharm) แก่ประชาชนทั่วไปเป็นเจ้าแรกของประเทศ จากวัคซีนหลายตัวของจีนที่อยู่ระหว่างการทดสอบระยะต่างๆ

เจ้าหน้าที่ของสำนักงานเวชภัณฑ์แห่งชาติของจีน ซึ่งทำหน้าที่ตรวจสอบอาหารและยาในประเทศจีนกล่าวว่า จีนจะอนุมัติให้ใช้วัคซีนอย่างมีเงื่อนไขแก่วัคซีนที่ยังไม่เสร็จสิ้นกระบวนการทดสอบทางคลินิก หากเห็นว่ามีความจำเป็นเร่งด่วนในการใช้วัคซีนนั้นเพื่อควบคุมเหตุฉุกเฉินทางด้านสาธารณสุข และพิจารณาแล้วเห็นว่าจะเป็นประโยชน์มากกว่าเป็นโทษ

อย่างไรก็ดี ยังไม่มีการเปิดเผยรายละเอียดเกี่ยวกับประสิทธิภาพของวัคซีนดังกล่าว แต่สำนักงานเวชภัณฑ์แห่งชาติเผยว่า วัคซีนมีประสิทธิภาพในการป้องกันเชื้อโคโรนาไวรัส 79.34%

การอนุมัติให้ใช้วัคซีนของซิโนฟาร์มครั้งนี้เกิดขึ้นหลังจากที่สหรัฐอาหรับเอมิเรตส์ เป็นประเทศแรกที่เริ่มการฉีดวัคซีนนี้ให้กับประชาชนในเดือนนี้

ทั้งนี้ แม้ว่าจีนจะล่าช้ากว่าหลายประเทศในการอนุมัติวัคซีน Covid-19 แต่จีนก็เริ่มฉีดวัคซีนให้กับประชาชนมานานหลายเดือนแล้ว โดยใช้วัคซีน 3 ขนานที่ยังอยู่ในขั้นตอนสุดท้ายของการทดสอบ

ปัจจุบันจีนฉีดวัคซีนไปแล้ว 4.5 ล้านโดส และตั้งเป้าว่าจะฉีดให้กับประชาชน 50 ล้านภายในเดือน ก.พ.ปีหน้าก่อนจะถึงช่วงเทศกาลตรุษจีน

อนามัยโลกเตือนโรคระบาดครั้งต่อไปอาจร้ายแรงกว่า Covid-19 #SootinClaimon.Com

#SootinClaimon.Com : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์โพสต์ทูเดย์

https://www.posttoday.com/world/641647

วันที่ 31 ธ.ค. 2563 เวลา 11:09 น.อนามัยโลกเตือนโรคระบาดครั้งต่อไปอาจร้ายแรงกว่า Covid-19ผู้เชี่ยวชาญจากอนามัยโลกบอกโควิดแค่สัญญาณเตือน อาจมีโรคระบาดที่ร้ายแรงกว่านี้รอมนุษย์อยู่

ไมค์ ไรอัน ผู้อำนวยการบริหารฝ่ายโครงการฉุกเฉินขององค์การอนามัยโลก (WHO) เผยระหว่างการแถลงข่าวครั้งสุดท้ายของปีนี้ว่า โรคระบาดครั้งต่อไปอาจรุนแรงกว่า Covid-19 และ Covid-19 เป็นสัญญาณเตือนว่าโลกของเรากำลังเปราะบาง

“โรคระบาดครั้งนี้ (Covid-19) รุนแรงมาก มันส่งผลกระทบไปทั่วทุกมุมโลก แต่ครั้งนี้อาจไม่ใช่โรคระบาดครั้งใหญ่ที่สุด นี่เป็นสัญญาณเตือน ตอนนี้เรากำลังเรียนรู้ว่าจะทำสิ่งต่างๆ ให้ดีขึ้นได้อย่างไร ไม่ว่าจะเป็นวิทยาศาสตร์ การขนส่ง การสื่อสาร แต่โลกกำลังเปราะบาง” ไรอันกล่าว

ผู้อำนวยการบริหารฝ่ายโครงการฉุกเฉินเผยอีกว่า “เราอยู่ในสังคมโลกที่ซับซ้อนขึ้นเรื่อยๆ ภัยคุกคามจากโรคระบาดจะเกิดขึ้นต่อเนื่อง มีสิ่งหนึ่งที่เราต้องเรียนรู้จากการระบาดครั้งนี้คือ เราต้องร่วมมือกัน”

ไรอันยังกล่าวอีกว่าเชื้อโคโรนาไวรัสจะกลายเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของชีวิตประจำวันแม้จะมีวัคซีนที่เริ่มฉีดในสหรัฐและยุโรปแล้วก็ตาม เรายังต้องติดตามดูว่าวัคซีนจะได้ผลมากน้อยเพียงใด ถึงขั้นที่จะสามารถกำจัดโรคนี้ให้หมดไปได้หรือไม่ เพราะการมีวัคซีน ที่แม้จะมีประสิทธิภาพสูง แต่ก็ไม่รับประกันว่าจะกำจัดหรือถอนรากถอนโคนโรคติดเชื้อได้ 

ทั้งนี้ จนถึงขณะนี้ Covid-19 คร่าชีวิตชาวโลกไปแล้ว 1,812,108 ราย และการประเมินล่าสุดของกลุ่มที่ปรึกษาทางวิทยาศาสตร์สำหรับกรณีฉุกเฉิน (SAGE) ของอังกฤษพบว่าอัตราการเสียชีวิตจาก Covid-19 อยู่ที่ 0.5% ซึ่งหมายความว่าจะมีผู้เสียชีวิต 1 คนในทุกๆ 200 คนที่ติดเชื้อ

อินเดียชี้วัคซีนที่กำลังพัฒนามีประสิทธิภาพต้านไวรัสกลายพันธุ์ #SootinClaimon.Com

#SootinClaimon.Com : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์โพสต์ทูเดย์

https://www.posttoday.com/world/641621

วันที่ 31 ธ.ค. 2563 เวลา 09:30 น.อินเดียชี้วัคซีนที่กำลังพัฒนามีประสิทธิภาพต้านไวรัสกลายพันธุ์รัฐบาลอินเดียเผยวัคซีน Covid-19 ที่อยู่ระหว่างการผลิต มีประสิทธิภาพการป้องกันเชื้อโคโรนาไวรัสชนิดกลายพันธุ์

“ไม่มีหลักฐานบ่งชี้ว่าวัคซีนดังกล่าวจะไม่สามารถป้องกัน Covid-19 ชนิดกลายพันธุ์ที่มาจากสหราชอาณาจักรหรือแอฟริกาใต้ เนื่องจากวัคซีนส่วนใหญ่มุ่งเป้าไปที่โปรตีนหนาม (Spike protein) ซึ่งอาจมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงในชนิดกลายพันธุ์ แต่วัคซีนยังคงสามารถกระตุ้นระบบภูมิคุ้มกันให้ผลิตแอนติบอดีป้องกันที่หลากหลายได้” เค วีเจย์ รากาวาน ที่ปรึกษาทางวิทยาศาสตร์ของรัฐบาลอินเดียกล่าว

“โปรตีนหนามของ Covid-19 ชนิดกลายพันธุ์เปลี่ยนแปลงเพียงเล็กน้อยเท่านั้น วัคซีนจึงยังคงมีประสิทธิภาพป้องกันได้” รากาวานกล่าว พร้อมให้คำมั่นว่าวัคซีนดังกล่าวจะสามารถป้องกันโรคได้อย่างแน่นอน รวมถึงชนิดกลายพันธุ์อื่นๆ ด้วย

ด้านฮาร์ช วาร์ดัน รัฐมนตรีกระทรวงสาธารณสุขกลางของอินเดีย เปิดเผยเมื่อไม่นานนี้ว่าวัคซีนป้องกัน Covid-19 อาจเริ่มใช้งานในประเทศช่วงเดือนมกราคมปีหน้า โดยวัคซีนอยู่ระหว่างการพัฒนา

ทั้งนี้ ปัจจุบันอินเดียมีวัคซีนป้องกันโรคโควิด-19 จำนวน 6 ตัว ซึ่งอยู่ระหว่างการทดลองทางคลินิกในระยะที่แตกต่างกัน

Leaders in Washington region pledge to increase speed of coronavirus vaccine rollout #SootinClaimon.Com

#SootinClaimon.Com : ขอบคุณแหล่งข้อมูล : หนังสือพิมพ์ The Nation.

Leaders in Washington region pledge to increase speed of coronavirus vaccine rollout

InternationalDec 31. 2020Annapolis designated areas in the city as Annapolis designated areas in the city as “recovery zones” for local retail, restaurant and hotel businesses to reopen and recover after shutting down due to the coronavirus. MUST CREDIT: Washington Post photo by Jonathan Newton Photo by: Jonathan Newton — The Washington Post

By The Washington Post · Meagan Flynn, Rachel Chason, Rebecca Tan 

Vaccine rollout has moved slowly in the Washington region and nationwide as the year comes to a close, though officials stressed Wednesday that they were moving to pick up the pace.

Virginia has distributed more than 285,000 doses of the vaccine to hospitals and long-term care facilities across the state, but as of Wednesday, only 54,295 people had received the shot.

Maryland has administered 36,669 doses of vaccine to health-care workers, first responders and those in long-term care facilities, but that represents less than 15% of the roughly 273,875 vaccine doses Maryland has been allotted.

The pace is similar across the nation: Although Operation Warp Speed, the federal vaccine rollout initiative, expected 20 million people to be inoculated by the end of the year, just 2.1 million people had been vaccinated as of Monday, according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention figures. Federal officials said Wednesday that 14 million doses have been distributed to states.

President Donald Trump on Wednesday sought to blame states for the lagging rollout, telling them to “get moving!” in a Twitter message. His critics said the administration’s lack of planning was the problem.

“When you don’t make a plan and dismiss states’ need for coordination and strategy, this is what you get: a fouled-up vaccine distribution that’s going so slow it would take years,” Rep. Don Beyer, D-Va., wrote on Twitter.

Health officials in the Washington region addressed questions about the pace of vaccinations Wednesday as they braced for a possible uptick in coronavirus infections after holiday gatherings, even as a mid-December spike in cases has subsided slightly.

Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan, a Republican, said in a Wednesday interview on “CBS This Morning” that the state delivered initial batches of vaccines to every hospital, local health department and nursing home but that “they’re having a little bit of a time getting ramped up.”

He, too, cited a lack of financial support and planning from the federal government. Hogan said that while the state delivered shipments of the vaccines directly to hospitals and nursing homes, the staff at those facilities are developing their own distribution plans.

“It’s a massive undertaking, and they have to organize it in such a way that they can make sure to get the second dose in the couple-week period that is required,” Hogan said, referring to the vaccines’ two-dose regimen. “So it’s not just sticking needles in arms. There’s a lot of moving parts. And I think nobody is quite performing at the top capacity, and we’ve all got to work together to ramp it up.”

Planning has been complicated, in part, by the fact that federal estimates for vaccine allocation provided to states have not been set in stone, said Christy Gray, director of the Virginia Department of Health’s Division of Immunization.

“The actual amount of vaccine received in Virginia is a moving target and is dependent on when and how quickly vaccination doses are manufactured,” Gray said.

The state is expecting to receive an additional shipment of vaccine by Friday to bring its total allocation to 370,000 doses since the rollout began in mid-December. That’s lower than the 480,000 the state was planning to receive, which Gray said was because of a calculation error by Operation Warp Speed. Hogan also said Wednesday that Maryland received fewer vaccine doses than expected.

Erin Beard, a spokeswoman for the Virginia health department, said Operation Warp Speed included some vaccines in its initial estimate that weren’t immediately available for distribution.

Still, she said that despite some kinks to iron out, “54,295 vaccinations in two weeks is no small feat.”

“It is expected to be slower in the beginning, but it will get much quicker as we progress,” Beard said in an email. “The main challenges include delays in reporting data and dealing with new systems and operations, which are to be expected in the beginning of any operation at this scale.”

Residents of long-term care facilities in Virginia began receiving the vaccine Monday, with Walgreens and CVS assisting in the administration. Gov. Ralph Northam, a Democrat, on Wednesday visited Westport Rehabilitation and Nursing Center in Richmond, where nearly 300 residents and staff members were vaccinated.

Northam spokeswoman Alena Yarmosky said the governor is “proud of our progress but certainly knows we have a long way to go.” She added: “He understands this is a complex logistical challenge and he’s looking forward to the [pace] picking up.”

Virginia reported 4,048 new infections and 64 deaths Wednesday – topping Tuesday’s death toll to become the second-highest daily total of the pandemic – with hospitalizations up slightly since last week. Hospitalizations are down slightly in Maryland, which reported 2,628 new infections and 45 deaths Wednesday, while its seven-day average has fallen to 38 cases per 100,000 residents, compared with the Dec. 12 peak of 47 cases.

The District reported 223 new cases and five deaths Wednesday. The city does not have a publicly accessible vaccine dashboard but had administered at least 11,000 doses as of Tuesday, according to The Washington Post’s tracker. It is expected to receive 44,000 doses by next week.

A District Health Department spokeswoman said officials were not available Wednesday to answer questions about vaccine distribution but would have updates Monday.

In Maryland, Anne Arundel County Executive Steuart Pittman, a Democrat, on Wednesday cited stabilizing hospitalizations and case rates as his reason for allowing indoor dining at 25% capacity, reversing a Dec. 10 order that suspended such dining. Restaurants had sued over the order but remained open while a judge considered the case.

Pittman said he was pleased that metrics had slightly improved, crediting residents for responsible social behavior.

“We still expect a challenging surge in covid hospitalizations and a post-holiday case rate increase, but the improved forecast allows us to maintain our current level of restrictions,” he said.

Pittman’s new order requires restaurants to collect information from diners for contact tracing. He described closing indoor dining as “a last resort” but said he would not rule out the possibility of bringing back a ban if metrics show it is necessary.

The restaurants that had sued Pittman agreed to drop their case Wednesday.

Indoor dining is not allowed in Montgomery or Prince George’s counties, or in the city of Baltimore. Judges in those jurisdictions have upheld bans following challenges from the Restaurant Association of Maryland.

Montgomery County held its first vaccination clinic Wednesday for health-care workers and first responders. More than 1,300 people who live or work in the county made appointments to receive doses of the Moderna vaccine, health department spokeswoman Mary Anderson said. She emphasized that the county’s vaccination team is focused on those in the highest-priority groups and urged others to be patient.

Susan Dodge, 65, was among the first to be vaccinated at the White Oak Community Recreation Center. A midwife, she lives in Anne Arundel County and conducts home births in Montgomery, Prince George’s and elsewhere. After a year of worrying about whether she might expose her clients – or their babies – to the virus, getting vaccinated was an overwhelming experience, she said.

“This virus has taken over our lives for nearly a year,” Dodge said as tears welled in her eyes after receiving the shot. “This is a drip of hope.”

The clinic was set up with 15 stations staffed by members of the county’s vaccination team, which includes public health employees, school health nurses and EMTs. As people filed in, many expressed relief.

A volunteer paramedic said his wife would finally have peace of mind when he headed out to answer calls. A hospital worker snapped a selfie for her family.

Isa Brebbia, 22, said some people at the fire department where he works as a paramedic are doubtful of the vaccine. “There’s a lot of skepticism going around,” he said, but he decided it was better to get it, especially because both his parents are doctors.

“For all of our sake,” he said, “this seemed like the safer thing to do.”

– – –

The Washington Post’s Patricia Sullivan contributed to this report.

A Trump-touted covid therapy awaits proof to back up his boasts #SootinClaimon.Com

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A Trump-touted covid therapy awaits proof to back up his boasts

InternationalDec 31. 2020Stephen Hahn, commissioner of food and drugs at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), center, speaks during a news conference in the James S. Brady Press Briefing Room at the White House in Washington on Aug. 23, 2020. MUST CREDIT: Bloomberg photo by Stefani Reynolds.Stephen Hahn, commissioner of food and drugs at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), center, speaks during a news conference in the James S. Brady Press Briefing Room at the White House in Washington on Aug. 23, 2020. MUST CREDIT: Bloomberg photo by Stefani Reynolds.

By Syndication Washington Post, Bloomberg · Anna Edney

One day before the Republican National Convention kicked off, President Donald Donald Trump and top drug regulator Stephen Hahn held a White House press conference to tout emergency authorization of a promising covid-19 treatment.

Convalescent plasma, a soup of immune factors derived from the blood of recovered covid-19 patients, had shown “an incredible rate of success” and would “save countless lives,” Trump said Aug 23. Yet more than four months later and with more than 330,000 U.S. coronavirus deaths reported since the pandemic began, the jury is still out how much the treatment benefits patients, if at all.

It wasn’t the first or last time that Trump was to promote a therapy for covid-19 based on skimpy data. His faith in since-discredited hydroxychloroquine is well known, and he proclaimed Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s antibody cocktail a wonder drug after receiving it to treat his infection in October. Now, as vaccines developed to slow the pandemic begin their roll-out, the saga of convalescent plasma highlights the lack of effective treatments for the killer virus.

As the pandemic consumed thousands of lives around the world, the FDA authorized the use of promising drugs with only early evidence to go on. From Gilead Sciences’s remdesivir to antibody treatments like Regeneron’s, drugs for covid-19 that were cleared to great fanfare have failed to gain backing from top scientists and infectious disease groups.

Convalescent plasma is supported by one of the fuzzier datasets, and just days after Trump’s August victory lap, Food and Drug Administration Commissioner Hahn began walking back remarks that exaggerated its effectiveness. National Institutes of Health advisers who compile covid-19 treatment guidelines said in September that there wasn’t enough evidence convalescent plasma works to recommend its use against the virus.

Data continues to support the FDA’s emergency authorization, Stephanie Caccomo, a spokeswoman, said in an email. The agency in September posted evidence that it said backs the use of convalescent plasma.

While one trial cited by the agency indicated a significant help to patients, others “tended to indicate a modest benefit.” The FDA acknowledged that the studies were less rigorous scientifically than it normally requires to prove efficacy.

The White House didn’t respond to a request for comment.

More than 100,000 people in the U.S. have already been treated with convalescent plasma. That includes a nationwide Mayo Clinic program that infused more than 90,000 people before the FDA’s emergency authorization.

Clinical trials that were supposed to clear up any doubts about the treatment were expected to read out in September or October, just a month or two after the FDA cleared it for emergency use. Those data have yet to appear, but the raging U.S. outbreak should soon serve to enroll more patients in those studies.

Still, the effect is likely to be much more modest than Trump or Hahn originally claimed, experts said.

“It became evident in most people, even when it works, it’s not a Lazarus thing,” said Christopher Austin, director of the NIH’s National Center on Advancing Translational Sciences. “The effect was going to be smaller.”

The center is leading or involved in key clinical trials that will finally offer insight into convalescent plasma’s efficacy more than 100 years after it began being deployed during pandemics. The rationale behind the treatment is that the antibodies people develop after enduring a disease will help newly diagnosed patients recover.

“We do not know whether it works” against covid-19, Austin said. “We all want to know the answer. I want to know the answer more than anybody. We have an obligation to future patients.”

Trials could produce critical data in January or February, Austin said, at least for a potential subset of people who respond to the therapy. Patients who receive convalescent plasma with a high level of antibodies early in their disease course appear to fare better. But whether certain age, race or gender groups are more likely to respond is still unknown.

Andrea Troxel, director of the Division of Biostatistics at New York University School of Medicine, is hoping to soon have answers as well. Troxel is the principal investigator of an effort to combine data from eight trials of convalescent plasma around the world. Among them is an NIH-sponsored trial at NYU Langone Health as well as studies in India, Spain, Belgium, and other countries.

Austin and Troxel are keeping in close touch with the FDA, which could possibly narrow its emergency authorization for the therapy based on what the studies reveal.

When the FDA cleared convalescent plasma over the summer, some researchers were concerned wider use would stymie enrollment in clinical trials. Troxel said this hasn’t been the case for the most part because the Infectious Diseases Society of America advised doctors against using convalescent plasma outside of clinical trials until a benefit was seen.

It’s part of a familiar pattern for covid-19 drugs touted by Trump. For example, the government has distributed hundreds of thousands of antibody therapies from Regeneron and Eli Lilly & Co. to hospitals around the country, but uptake has been minimal. Only 5% to 20% of the antibody treatments were being used, Moncef Slaoui, chief scientific adviser to the Operation Warp Speed drug and vaccine accelerator, said earlier this month.

Like convalescent plasma, antibody therapies are hoped to work best when used early to prevent high-risk patients from worsening. They must be infused typically in a hospital setting, which can be a tough sell for people who don’t feel very ill.

The antibody therapies are basically synthetic versions of convalescent plasma that are more complex and expensive to make. If convalescent plasma does work for some people, Austin said, the relative ease of getting it to patients could make it valuable.

“If you’re a rural hospital in Africa, you can give convalescent plasma,” he said. “You don’t need a supply chain, storage or a pharmacy. Heaven knows we need things like that, and we have areas like that in this country too.”

And drugs with even a potentially modest benefit can be helpful against the virus “both in terms of hospitalization and what we’re learning about its long-term effects,” said Megan Ranney, an emergency physician and associate professor at Brown University. The danger lies in over-promising, she said.

“There is no magic pill that you can take and suddenly avoid all the horrible effects of covid,” Ranney said. Implying otherwise is “dangerous because it gives people a false sense of assurance.”

Was 2020 the worst year ever? Historians weigh in. #SootinClaimon.Com

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Was 2020 the worst year ever? Historians weigh in.

InternationalDec 31. 2020Twenty thousand chairs, each representing 10 deaths from the coronavirus pandemic in the United States, are lined up on the Ellipse south of the White House. MUST CREDIT: Washington Post photo by Katherine Frey.Twenty thousand chairs, each representing 10 deaths from the coronavirus pandemic in the United States, are lined up on the Ellipse south of the White House. MUST CREDIT: Washington Post photo by Katherine Frey.

By The Washington Post · Michael S. Rosenwald

So, just to recap, the following events occurred in 2020:

– The coronavirus pandemic swept the globe, killing more than 1.7 million people (so far), including more than 337,000 (so far) in the United States.

– The president of the United States was tried and acquitted, after being impeached at the end of 2019.

– Protests stemming from several police killings of unarmed Black Americans erupted throughout the country, including just outside the White House, where federal law enforcement officers used tear gas on U.S. citizens.

– Wildfires devastated the U.S. West Coast and Australia.

– The president of the United States contracted the coronavirus and then dismissed it.

– Kobe Bryant and his 13-year-old daughter died in a helicopter crash.

The president of the United States disputed the valid results of a peaceful election. (He lost.)

– Alex Trebek died.

– Prince Harry and Meghan, Duchess of Sussex, broke up with the royal family.

– Murder hornets arrived.

As the year finally, mercifully, comes to a close, the above events – and more – have inspired the Internet’s meme machine to declare that 2020 is the worst year ever.

But it’s not just the Internet meme machine that thinks 2020 was the worst year ever.

Earlier this month, Time magazine ran an extraordinary cover image with a big red X drawn over the number 2020. “THE WORST YEAR EVER,” the cover line read. Time certainly wasn’t alone. A recent headline from the Hill: “Why 2020 really was the worst year ever.” Even the York Daily Record of Pennsylvania wondered: “Was 2020 the worst year ever? With pandemic, social unrest, election chaos, it’s in the running.”

Historians demur.

In a clever bit of marketing, the self-therapy app Bloom recently asked 28 historians from Yale, Oxford, Stanford and other major universities to choose the worst year in history – or, as they put it, the most stressful. British historian Philip Parker led the effort. Following a depressing dive down the rabbit hole of historical misery, Parker compiled a list of the top worst/most stressful years in world, British and U.S. history. Then the historians made their picks.

The worst year in world history wasn’t even a close contest.

It was 1348, the height of the Black Death, during which as many as 200 million people died. That would be like wiping out about 65% of the U.S. population. The Holocaust in 1944 ranked second, followed by 1816, when a volcano eruption in Indonesia blocked out the sun, starving millions. 2020 ranked sixth.

In U.S. history, 2020 was well down the list at No. 8, just behind the 2001 terrorist attacks on Sept. 11, the Cuban missile crisis of 1962, the tumult of 1968’s riots and assassinations, the 1918 flu pandemic, the Trail of Tears of 1838, the 1929 stock market crash marking the beginning of the Great Depression, and at the very, very top, 1862.

That was, most historians say, the grimmest year of the Civil War, when the country’s total collapse seemed imminent.

“It’s a symbol of a time when the nation almost broke apart,” Parker said in an interview, “and that, really, goes to the essence of what it is to be a country and a society. It’s almost like a dagger to the heart of the country.”

In many ways, Parker said, we’re still too close to 2020 to understand what its real ranking will be, seen through the lens of time passed.

“As Chairman Mao is reputed to have said about the French Revolution,” Parker said, “it’s a little too early to say.”

Samsung heir faces nine years in jail as bribery trial wraps #SootinClaimon.Com

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Samsung heir faces nine years in jail as bribery trial wraps

InternationalDec 31. 2020Jay Y. Lee, center, arrives at the Seoul Central District Court in Seoul, South Korea, on Dec. 30, 2020. MUST CREDIT: Bloomberg photo by SeongJoo Cho.Jay Y. Lee, center, arrives at the Seoul Central District Court in Seoul, South Korea, on Dec. 30, 2020. MUST CREDIT: Bloomberg photo by SeongJoo Cho.

By Syndication Washington Post, Bloomberg · Sohee Kim, Heesu Lee, Shinhye Kang

South Korean prosecutors requested a nine-year prison term for Samsung Electronics Co.’s Jay Y. Lee, seeking to put the heir apparent back in jail in a bribery case that rocked the nation and ignited a backlash against its most powerful conglomerates.

Special prosecutors proposed the sentence during a Wednesday hearing at the Seoul High Court, which will make its ruling on the billionaire’s fate Jan. 18. “There’s no denying that it has made a lot of positive impact on our society,” according to a transcript of closing arguments from prosecutors, referring to Samsung. “But just because there’s been an economic contribution, there should be no hesitation in legal enforcement based on the rule of law.”

The 52-year-old billionaire is fighting allegations of graft in a retrial of a case that started four years ago and led to his imprisonment and the ouster of former President Park Geun-hye. The outcome of the case could snarl succession at Samsung, just as Lee is expected to formally take the helm of the mobile and electronics giant after the death of his father in October.

The executive stands accused of making gifts to cement his control over the world’s largest smartphone maker and smooth his ascension. Lee served a year in jail before his release in 2018 after an initial five-year prison term was halved and suspended by an appeals court. But in August, the Supreme Court voided that decision, thrusting the executive back before a judge. Lee faced a tougher sentence this time — a minimum of five years — because the amount of alleged bribery acknowledged by the top court increased.

Yet experts viewed a decreasing chance of imprisonment as the trial drew to a close. Judges at the high court asked Samsung and Lee to impose measures to prevent illegal activity and improve credibility among the group. Lee responded by setting up an independent compliance committee and issuing a personal apology in May over past wrongdoings related to the succession process. He also pledged publicly not to hand down leadership of the Korea’s largest conglomerate to his children. The compliance committee’s activities will be factored into Lee’s eventual sentencing.

“Even though it’s tough and difficult, I’ll walk on the right path,” the billionaire said Wednesday in prepared remarks before the court. “I promise that I’ll create a company with the highest level of transparency and morality.”

“I will make sure, again, my children will not be mentioned in relation to the succession of the company. Samsung will never get into controversy over these related matters,” he added.

The bribery allegations stem from a controversial merger in 2015 between two Samsung units, which helped Lee gain control over the group. Prosecutors argued that Samsung offered horses and financial contributions, via an intermediary, to a confidante of former president Park to try and win the government’s support for the deal.

Lee, who stepped down from an internal director post, remains the tech company’s vice chairman and de facto leader. Although his father and chairman Lee Kun-hee died in October, the Samsung scion has not been immediately crowned his successor. Samsung is likely to hold off on naming Lee to that role at least until the trial is completed.

Separately, Lee is embroiled in another case related to the controversial 2015 merger, with allegations ranging from violation of capital market laws to breach of duty. Prosecutors indicted Lee in September and hearings are set to resume on Jan. 14.

Swedish PM slammed for shopping tour amid latest covid surge #SootinClaimon.Com

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Swedish PM slammed for shopping tour amid latest covid surge

InternationalDec 31. 2020Stefan Lofven, Sweden's prime minister, at a European Union leaders summit in Brussels on Dec. 10, 2020. MUST CREDIT: Bloomberg photo by Geert Vanden Wijngaert.Stefan Lofven, Sweden’s prime minister, at a European Union leaders summit in Brussels on Dec. 10, 2020. MUST CREDIT: Bloomberg photo by Geert Vanden Wijngaert.

By Syndication Washington Post, Bloomberg · Rafaela Lindeberg

A number of the most senior members of Sweden’s government, including the prime minister, have been caught apparently ignoring their own covid guidelines.

Prime Minister Stefan Lofven and Justice Minister Morgan Johansson were among those named in Swedish media this week for seeming to flout restrictions they insist must be followed if the country is to rein in the coronavirus.

Lofven went Christmas shopping in a mall without a face mask after explicitly appealing to Swedes to avoid such excursions ahead of the festive season. His spokesman has acknowledged the trip took place, which he says was “carefully planned” to avoid unnecessary risks.

The development adds a layer of potential embarrassment to Sweden’s handling of the covid crisis. The country initially defended its no-lockdown strategy, before backtracking in recent weeks amid a resurgence of cases that threatens to overwhelm its health-care system. Lofven is now trying to persuade parliament to give him the power to impose a full lockdown.

The government has already seen confidence in its covid strategy sink, with even King Carl XVI Gustaf delivering a rare rebuke for Sweden’s failure to contain the death toll. About 8,500 Swedes have died of covid-19, roughly seven times as many as in neighboring Denmark.

Lofven’s shopping trip lit up Twitter, with several of Sweden’s best known political commentators warning that the incident risks denting his credibility among voters.

“Who should follow the rules if not even the Prime Minister and the Minister of Justice do so?” Dagens Nyheter, Sweden’s biggest morning newspaper, wrote in an editorial published Tuesday evening.

Other government members have also reportedly engaged in conduct that breached covid guidelines, including Sweden’s Finance Minister Magdalena Andersson, Aftonbladet reported on Wednesday. According to the newspaper, she was seen in a ski rental shop in the popular Swedish winter resort of Salen, which is on the list of destinations the National Health Authority has warned against visiting.

With infection rates spreading since the fall, Lofven has had to step up his rhetoric entreating his countrymen to “refrain from staying in indoor environments such as shops, shopping centers.” Last month, he reminded Swedes “how dangerous” such conduct is.

At a briefing this month, Lofven said, “I hope and I think that everyone in Sweden understands the seriousness” of the situation.

A spokesman for Lofven said his Christmas shopping tours included purchases of alcohol and a present for his wife. He also visited a shop that fixes watches and looked for spare parts for his razor. His most recent known shopping trip was on Dec. 23.

Germany’s new virus deaths surpass 1,000 for the first time #SootinClaimon.Com

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Germany’s new virus deaths surpass 1,000 for the first time

InternationalDec 31. 2020

By Syndication Washington Post, Bloomberg · Daniel Schaefer, Raymond Colitt

Germany’s daily coronavirus deaths surpassed 1,000 for the first time since the beginning of the pandemic, underscoring the urgency facing Europe’s leaders to slow the spread and roll out vaccines.

There were 1,122 fatalities in the 24 hours through Wednesday morning, according to data from Johns Hopkins University. Along with the mounting death toll, the number of Covid-19 patients in German intensive care units has risen steadily, prompting warnings that the health-care system could become overburdened.

Germany joined its European Union partners in rolling out vaccinations last weekend, but officials have said it will take months for the program to have a tangible impact on contagion rates. Europe’s largest economy has so far inoculated almost 42,000 people, according to data from the RKI public health institute.

On Tuesday, the EU agreed to trigger an option to buy an extra 100 million doses of the shot developed by Pfizer Inc. and BioNTech SE. Vaccines from other producers will follow once they’ve been approved, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said on Twitter.

Europe has become an epicenter of the pandemic, with more than 400,000 coronavirus-related deaths and 16.2 million infections.

The rise in Germany’s fatalities comes as Chancellor Angela Merkel’s government considers extending a hard shutdown that was imposed in December. Schools and non-essential stores remain shuttered until Jan. 10, but senior politicians have urged prolonging at least some of the measures.

Karl Lauterbach, a health expert for the ruling Social Democrats, on Wednesday warned that if the virus numbers aren’t slashed to around 25 per 100,000 people over 7 days, the risks will multiply. The current figure is 141.

If the situation doesn’t improve, “we’ll go from one lockdown to the next and then we have the risk of mutations against which vaccines may not work perfectly,” Lauterbach said on ZDF television.

While some countries in the region are gradually relaxing measures to contain the virus, others are still tightening curbs. Ireland’s government is set to announce new restrictions on Wednesday. Among the measures under consideration are the closure of non-essential retail and the reintroduction of a five-kilometer (three-mile) limit on travel from home. Bars and restaurants have already been shuttered.

Authorities are also grappling with ways to ensure widespread uptake of the Covid-19 vaccine. In Italy, where restrictions were severely tightened for most of the Christmas period, cases and deaths have declined sharply from the highs recorded in November. However, concerns are growing over delays and mishaps in the vaccination campaign.

Around 8,000 people have received the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine so far, and the country is behind schedule in hiring personnel and preparing the logistics for mass inoculation.

France is having even less success in the face of strong anti-vaccination sentiment across the country. Less than 100 people have been given a shot, according to the government. It’s target is to administer 1 million doses by the end of February, Health Minister Olivier Veran said late Tuesday.

On Monday, Spain became the fourth European country to record more than 50,000 coronavirus deaths. An initiative to track people who refuse to get inoculated could help the hard-hit country regain trust in its tourism sector, which was linked to the spread of the coronavirus after rules were relaxed in the summer.

For its part, Germany has recorded just over 32,000 deaths since the start of the pandemic. In the 24 hours through Wednesday morning, the number of infections rose by another 19,466, bringing the total to more than 1.69 million.