Baby Swimming (เบบี้ สวิมมิ่ง) โรงเรียนสอนว่ายน้ำเด็กและทารกมาตรฐาน ISO แห่งเดียวในประเทศไทย เปิดแผนธุรกิจในยุค New Normal
18 สิงหาคม 2563 – 10:24 น.
Baby Swimming (เบบี้ สวิมมิ่ง) โรงเรียนสอนว่ายน้ำเด็กและทารกมาตรฐาน ISO แห่งเดียวในประเทศไทย เปิดแผนธุรกิจในยุค New Normal ตอบรับวิถีชีวิตปกติใหม่ ชูมาตรฐานความปลอดภัยตามหลัก Social Distancing เล็งขยายธุรกิจเพิ่มในกรุงเทพฯ และปริมณฑล รวมทั้งหัวเมืองใหญ่
Baby Swimming (เบบี้ สวิมมิ่ง) โรงเรียนสอนว่ายน้ำเด็กและทารกมาตรฐาน ISO แห่งเดียวในประเทศไทย เปิดแผนธุรกิจในยุค New Normal ตอบรับวิถีชีวิตปกติใหม่ ชูมาตรฐานความปลอดภัยตามหลัก Social Distancing เล็งขยายธุรกิจเพิ่มในกรุงเทพฯ และปริมณฑล รวมทั้งหัวเมืองใหญ่ทั้งในรูปแบบลงทุนเอง ร่วมทุน และแฟรนไชส์ เปิดแผนปี 2564 ปูพรมขยายสาขาทั่วประเทศรวมอย่างน้อย 15 แห่ง ตอบรับแนวโน้มตลาดเติบโตสูงหลังโควิด-19 ที่ผู้ปกครองยังคงมีความต้องการให้บุตรหลานได้เรียนว่ายน้ำ ซึ่งถือเป็นทักษะชีวิตอย่างหนึ่งที่สำคัญและขาดไม่ได้
Analysis: Virus invaded capital region multiple times in March
Health & BeautyAug 18. 2020A medical worker in March instructs a driver at a coronavirus testing site in Arlington, Va. MUST CREDIT: Photo for The Washington Post by Michael A. McCoy
By The Washington Post · Joel Achenbach · NATIONAL, HEALTH, SCIENCE-ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH-NEWS WASHINGTON – The coronavirus’s late-winter attack on the national capital region came from multiple, separate introductions, and the pathogen quickly spread among people who had not traveled outside the region recently or had known contact with infected people, according to a genetic analysis of virus samples from more than 100 patients.
The study, from Johns Hopkins University scientists, highlights the challenge in preventing the arrival and spread of the highly contagious virus within a region that anchors the Northeast Corridor and boasts three international airports and a highly mobile population.
The researchers report high levels of genetic diversity in the 114 genomes they completed, based on samples from patients treated in Johns Hopkins-affiliated hospitals in Maryland and Washington D.C. from March 11 to March 31. The research has not yet been published in a peer-reviewed journal but has been posted online at the preprint server medRxiv.
There are five major genetic groupings, known as clades, of the novel coronavirus, and all five were represented in the viral samples from patients. That suggested a single introduction could not have triggered all of those March infections. Instead, the virus must have been arriving at many different times.
Another important finding: The different genetic profiles of the virus infecting people in the Washington region did not correspond to any clear difference in disease severity among patients.
Where the virus came from is not covered by the report, and the researchers could not tell if the introductions came directly from places overseas or from points within the United States. A study by scientists at New York University showed that much of the early coronavirus spread in New York City was due to introductions from Europe.
“There were probably five or more introductions sometime before the end of March,” said study co-author Shirlee Wohl, a genomics expert at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. “Even as early as March, the first three weeks of the outbreak, we were already seeing diversity rivaling the global diversity of this virus.”
This latest study and others preceding it provide clear evidence that the United States, and certainly big cities on the East Coast, were dealing with community spread of the virus well in advance of major shutdown efforts, including the Trump administration’s decision to ban travel from most European countries starting March 13.
“The number of introductions that occurred would make it difficult to enact a travel ban, would make it difficult to do anything except screen everybody with a diagnostic test,” said study co-author Peter Thielen, a molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory.
The diversity of virus in the national capital region “highlights the connectedness of the region to both the national and global epidemic, and the challenges that would likely confront any control strategy predicated on low rates of introduction,” the report states.
The NYU study found that the virus may have been spreading in New York as early as late January. A scientific conference attended by international travelers in Boston in late February has been dubbed a “superspreader” event that seeded the virus in many places in the United States.
According to the new Hopkins report, Maryland reported its first case of covid-19, the disease caused by the virus, on March 5. Two days later, the District and Virginia reported their first cases. Those patients were probably infected many days before, Thielen said.
Only 22% of the patients studied by the Hopkins researchers had traveled to places with known outbreaks of the virus, the report said.
All viruses mutate, and by the time the coronavirus reached the national capital region, it had mutated slightly. The Hopkins scientists counted a total of 153 genetic mutations in their virus samples, compared with the reference sample from Wuhan, China, where the outbreak is believed to have ignited.
But most mutations actually impair the fitness of the virus or have no effect at all. The Hopkins research did not find evidence that the variants of the virus led to any difference in patient outcomes, regardless of sex, race, symptoms or underlying conditions.
“The diversity of virus genetics, clinical symptoms, and patient outcomes suggests that viral mutations are not the main driver of clinical presentation,” the new study states.
Several recent studies have suggested that one mutation, known as D614G, has altered the structure of the spike protein of the virus in a way that could potentially facilitate transmission. That mutation is now seen across the planet, including in many of the virus samples in the national capital region, but the scientific community has not endorsed the conjecture that the virus has become more contagious.
Thielen pointed out that, without a vaccine, and with relatively few people having been exposed and having antibodies to the virus, the coronavirus is sailing along with no natural or artificial obstacles.
“Right now, with no immunity in the population, there’s not much pressure on the virus to evade immunity, which is what would drive transmissibility,” Thielen said.
Under the brightest spotlight yet, Jill Biden takes on her biggest role
LivingAug 18. 2020Jill Biden, shown introducing her husband at a 2013 event, is taking an active role in his campaign for president. MUST CREDIT: Photo for The Washington Post by Astrid Riecken
By The Washington Post · Jada Yuan, Annie Linskey · NATIONAL, POLITICS, WHITEHOUSE On the chaotic day that Joe Biden called Sen. Kamala Harris to ask whether she’d be his running mate, Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti’s phone rang.
As one of four co-chairs on Biden’s vice-presidential selection committee, Garcetti was one of a handful of people on the planet privy to that extensive and secretive process. On the other end of the line was someone even more involved in the decision: Joe’s wife of 43 years, Jill.
So central was Jill Biden’s role in the process that the selection committee had presented their initial findings to the Bidens as a pair. With Jill’s input, Joe narrowed the field of more than 20 to the 11 whom he then interviewed one on one. Joe called the other contenders to tell them Harris was his choice, and Jill was the one calling the four selection committee co-chairs to tell them the news.
The extent of Jill Biden’s influence on big decisions in her husband’s campaign to unseat President Donald Trump is both mysterious and not. “It’s a marriage” is her standard line, which is to say, of course they’ve talked about this, they bounce things off each other all the time, and we don’t get to know the details. (Her staff declined to make her available for an interview.)
Here’s something we do know: The Jill Biden who will address the Democratic National Convention on Tuesday night is playing a far more active role in her husband’s campaign than she has in his past two White House bids, in 1988 and 2008, according to close friends and confidants. Though she’s spent eight years in and near the White House, her speech at the virtual convention will probably serve as a reintroduction to voters – a big moment for a potential first lady, even under these circumstances.
And what kind of first lady would she be? By all indications, a hands-on one. “I think she has a combination of Michelle Obama, Eleanor Roosevelt and Hillary Clinton,” said Randi Weingarten, president of the American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO, noting that all three were passionate about education but the latter two operated in the foreground, while Obama seemed more comfortable asserting her power behind the scenes. It’s likely Jill Biden would be a far more public and active first lady than Melania Trump.
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Jill likes to tell the story of how in 2003, when party brass were at her house trying to get Joe to run, she marched past them in a bikini with “NO” written in marker on her stomach. This time, she’s pitched in on the campaign’s education unity task force, helping merge policy ideas from Sen. Bernie Sanders’s camp and her husband’s. She’s reached out to Hispanic leaders, trying to forge a tie with a group of voters that has been slow to warm to her husband. She has taken on routine but meaningful duties like informing Garcetti and other members of the vice-presidential search team of her husband’s pick, which was first reported by USA Today. At times, she’s even taken a turn as impromptu bodyguard, twice fending off protesters storming the stage while Joe was speaking.
With Joe largely campaigning from their home in Wilmington, Del., because of the coronavirus pandemic, she is the one who is physically with him on most days, while top advisers have scattered across the country. Family dynamics have changed, too, since the last time Joe ran for office – particularly after Beau Biden’s 2015 death of brain cancer at 46. Beau’s absence as his father’s confidant has left a vacuum that Jill has filled, according to friends.
And Jill herself has changed.
“When we started campaigning in 2008, she was a little nervous,” says Cathy Russell, Jill’s former chief of staff, who’s known and been working with the Bidens at different times since 1987. This time around, Russell was in Iowa for a month, sometimes meeting up with the former second lady as she maintained a packed schedule – often busier than Joe’s, according to staffers and outside observers. Jill would invite Iowa grandmothers out for wine and give her contact information to people who told her of sons dying of cancer or in the military. “She’s just really good!” says Russell, who recalled Jill going around to small crowds in rural towns trying to convince every reluctant voter individually. “She’s just so much more experienced and self-assured, what is it? Twelve years later?” (For all her effort, Joe Biden came in fourth in Iowa this year.)
The Iowa caucuses, too, feel like they were, what is it, 12 years ago? Since then, Biden has managed to become his party’s nominee, and the situation in the country he’s trying to inherit has only become more dire. Beating Donald Trump is not Jill Biden’s job, but she’s made it clear that she intends to help her husband do it, and that she, too, is eager to get to work.
During the Obama presidency, Michelle Obama and Jill Biden traveled together as part of their Joining Forces initiative in support of military families, and the former first lady once described what it was like flying with her counterpart.
“Jill is always grading papers,” Obama said in their joint 2016 White House exit interview with People Magazine. “Which is funny because I’d forget, ‘Oh yeah, you have a day job!’ And then she pulls out her papers and she’s so diligent and I’m like, ‘Look at you! You have a job! Tell me! Tell me what it’s like!’ “
Jill Biden had been a rarity: a second lady with a second gig. She was an English composition professor at Northern Virginia Community College (NOVA), a job she started in 2009, part of a long career in education that included stints at public high schools, at an adolescent psychiatric facility and at Delaware Technical Community College.
The enduring image former staff members repeatedly say they have of Jill Biden during the Obama administration is her carrying a stack of papers she had to grade on state trips to places like Israel, Japan or the Democratic Republic of Congo. One time, Jill asked to leave her office hours 10 minutes early, recalls Jim McClellan, NOVA’s liberal arts dean, because Joe was sitting in Air Force Two waiting for her to show up so they could do a three-country tour of Latin America. “I said, ‘Well, since the jet is revving up and using gas sitting on the runway, go ahead,’ ” McClellan says. She left with a stack of papers to grade and had them all done in time to be back in the office at 7 a.m. for her Tuesday classes.
If Joe Biden, who is 77, wins the presidency, Jill, 69, would not be the first first lady with an education background – Michelle Obama has been an associate dean of student services at the University of Chicago, and Laura Bush was a schoolteacher and a librarian – but she is among the most accomplished. Campaign and Obama-era staffers call her “Dr. Biden” in recognition of the PhD it took her 15 years to get while raising three children – Beau and Hunter from Joe’s first marriage and Ashley, the daughter they had together. At NOVA, she works out of a cubicle and goes by the quasi-clandestine moniker “Dr. B.” (Her name isn’t listed in the course book.) When she had a Secret Service detail, she asked them to dress like students.
Her first year, she taught English as a Second Language and was so moved by her students’ stories that, according to McClellan, she’d write them on Post-it notes and leave them on the bathroom mirror of the vice president’s residency for Joe to read. Since then, she’s preferred teaching freshman composition and developmental English, which is meant to bring remedial students up to college writing level. Her reviews on RateMyProfessors.com, a website where users leave anonymous notes on college teachers, range from effusive – “literally my favorite professor” – to skull-and-crossbones-level warnings, all about her making them endlessly write journals and being a tough grader: “No sense of humor even though she tries to look nice.” “Be ready to writeeeee alotttttt !!”
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This year’s campaign marks the first time she’s taken a break from teaching since she gave birth to Ashley in 1981. “She said she felt that if she didn’t give it her best shot, and that the election turned out not to be favorable to her husband, that she would regret not having done more,” McClellan says. Still, she’s attended voluntary training in online teaching and has said she intends to go back to NOVA even if Joe wins and they move into the White House. It would be the first time a first lady kept a day job outside the home, according to Anita McBride, who runs the First Ladies Initiative at American University and was Bush’s chief of staff. “This would be a precedent,” she says.
Education activists are practically giddy about the prospect of having Jill Biden in the White House, bending Joe’s ear. “They sit and talk about education issues over breakfast every morning,” says Lily Eskelsen García, president of the National Education Association, which is also Jill Biden’s union.
Weingarten, the American Federation of Teachers president, tells the story of how in 2010, a high school in Central Falls, R.I., fired all 93 teachers and staff members because of failing test scores – a move that President Barack Obama and his education secretary, Arne Duncan, backed publicly. Weingarten, who was vehemently opposed to evaluating teachers by test scores, says she had “a very heated discussion with the vice president,” who over the next few days got “very involved.” The educators were rehired later that year.
“He said to me, ‘I did my homework,’ ” Weingarten says, and she suspects Dr. B might have had a hand in that education. (The Biden campaign declined to comment on a personal conversation.)
Lately, Jill Biden has been chatting with lawmakers in the Congressional Hispanic Caucus over Zoom. Joe has promised to pass comprehensive immigration reform in his first 100 days in office, and for six weeks beginning in April, Jill’s job was to listen while members of the caucus talked about their hopes for higher education and vented their frustrations with the 3 million deportations that took place under the Obama administration. Her placement on the issue seemed to signal how serious the campaign is about wooing their support. Jill is also working on learning Spanish via the Babbel app.
She’d take notes, said she’d convey their concerns to Joe and report back on her conversations with him at the next meeting. “And when we did meet with him on certain issues, he’d say, ‘Yeah, my wife, Jill, talked to me about that, and I’m all over it,’ ” says Rep. Tony Cárdenas, D-Calif., who chaired the meetings. Every person who asked Jill to meet with their district got an immediate follow-up and usually saw her jump onto their Zooms that week.
As for Jill’s language skills, “It’s always kind of cute when somebody speaks Spanish and their accent is not as organic,” Cárdenas says, politely. Overall, “The big theme that emerged to me is that everyone was nodding their heads, saying, ‘I’m looking forward to working with her,’ ” he said. “She’s going to be a very active first lady.”
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Jill was not a professional model like Melania Trump, but she did pose for local advertisements shot by a photographer friend, one of which caught the eye of 32-year-old first-term Sen. Joe Biden as he walked through the Wilmington airport in 1975.
As it turned out, his brother Frank knew Jill and gave Joe her number. The rest is history, which the Bidens have written themselves in their many books: Jill was about nine years younger, a tough-cookie “Philly girl,” the oldest of five girls who had once punched a bully in the face for throwing worms on one of her sisters. He was a widower who had lost his wife in a 1972 car crash that also killed his baby daughter and badly injured his young sons. Jill and Joe’s romance was a whirlwind, but it took five marriage proposals before she said yes; she’d been married and divorced young (“to a tall ex-football player who drove a fast yellow Camero,” she wrote in her 2019 memoir, “Where the Light Enters”) and she wanted to make sure, for the sake of Beau and Hunter, that this wouldn’t end in another divorce. She adopted the boys and raised them.
Senate payroll records reviewed by The Washington Post also show that Jill worked as a “staff assistant” for four and a half months in Joe Biden’s office, from Sept. 10, 1975, until Jan. 25, 1976. This was before they married in 1977, and she used her prior married name, Jill T. Stevenson. It is not mentioned in her book and seems to be mostly lost from their biographical narrative. A Biden campaign aide downplayed her role, saying she was answering the phone in a front office when he was short-staffed.
A 1977 newspaper article says that a month after their wedding, she was still traveling once a week to work at his downstate office in between volunteering at a child abuse center and learning to play the piano. (Joe, laughing, said he’d had no idea she was working for him.) Jill didn’t speak for that article, either, and Joe asked for privacy on her behalf, telling Wilmington’s Sunday News Journal, “I don’t want to get her into the political thing.”
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Tragedy struck again when Beau, an Iraq War veteran and former attorney general of Delaware, died in 2015 after two years with cancer. Jill, who lost her mother during the 2008 campaign, writes candidly about how grief changed her, describing herself as feeling “like a piece of china that’s been glued back together again” and admitting that she lost her faith and stopped going to church.
“I thought at the time, and I still think now, that when she wrote it, she didn’t think her husband was going to run,” says Connie Schultz, a journalist and wife of Sen. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, who reviewed Jill’s memoir for The Washington Post. The book came out in May 2019, a couple of weeks after Joe declared his candidacy. “If he had been planning to run, I have to believe there are people in the campaign who would have said, ‘I don’t think you want to be telling Catholic voters you no longer know what you think about God.’ ” (Jill told PBS’s Judy Woodruff that she’s regained her faith on the campaign trail.)
Jill Biden has become, in her own way, a vessel for other people’s grief just like her husband is. She stayed in touch with the woman who came up to her after Beau’s death in a nail salon and burst out weeping, telling Jill she was a Gold Star mother. The same year Beau died, Jill’s social secretary, Carlos Elizondo, lost his mother, and the Bidens hosted a memorial mass for her, with 100 of Elizondo’s friends, at the vice president’s residence. Her first communications director, Courtney O’Donnell, tells the story of how her husband went into the intensive care unit for 10 days. One day, she left to take a shower and came back to find her unconscious husband covered in a new blanket with a tin of cookies by his bed. “I asked a nurse,” O’Donnell says, “and she said, ‘Oh, your boss came by. Sweet lady.’ “
This year, perhaps more than ever, America feels broken and in need of gluing back together. Nearly 170,000 Americans have died in the coronavirus pandemic, and families across the country are facing all kinds of losses. Jill Biden’s empathy could give shape to her potential role as first lady beyond issue advocacy. In June, Jill flew with her husband to Texas to sit down with George Floyd’s family before his Houston memorial service. After an hour-long meeting, she gave her cellphone number to one of Floyd’s sons who was having a particularly difficult time, recalls Ben Crump, the Floyd family’s attorney.
“She gave the number,” Crump says, “and said, ‘You call me anytime.’ ”
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But before Jill Biden and her husband can try to make the White House empathetic again, they have to win an election that promises to be a knife fight. Trump is not above attacking the spouses of his opponents. He went after Ted Cruz’s wife, Heidi, for her looks during the 2016 primary and gleefully highlighted Bill Clinton’s sexual indiscretions during the general election. And while Trump hasn’t gone after Jill Biden yet, he’s made Hunter Biden a prime target.
When asked about Trump investigating Hunter’s work for a Ukrainian energy company while his father was vice president, Jill has appealed to unenforceable rules of decorum: “My family is not fair game. Joe is running against him. That’s different. Not my children,” she said on a CBS “Sunday Morning” special. (Hunter Biden is 50 and has made the news before, opening up about his drug addiction and leaving his wife to marry Beau’s widow, which Joe and Jill publicly said they support.)
When it comes to accusations of impropriety against her husband, Jill has carefully played the apologist. “I think it was a space issue. They felt like they wanted more space,” she said on the CBS special, addressing accusations from Lucy Flores, a member of the Nevada State Assembly, and six other women who’ve accused Joe Biden of inappropriate touching. “Joe realized that and learned from it.” On former Senate aide Tara Reade’s claim of sexual assault against Joe, which he has denied, Jill has remained silent.
When it comes to Joe’s former opponents, Jill has played a diplomatic role. Though she has said Harris’s attacks on Joe over school busing during a June 2019 debate “felt like a punch in the gut,” Jill reached out to Harris’s husband, Doug Emhoff, when Harris dropped out in December, wanting to convey that she understood how difficult and painful that decision must have been, said a person close to the Bidens who spoke on the condition of anonymity to describe the private conversation. Harris’s friendship with Beau when they were attorneys general in California and Delaware was also a key factor to her selection.
Jill has also had a collegial relationship with Jane Sanders, wife of Bernie Sanders, Joe’s foil on the left flank of the Democratic Party and someone whose voters he needs in November. Bernie’s fans don’t like Joe’s politics, but Jane likes Jill. “It was clear to me then, and it’s clear to me now that she’s a really decent human being and a person who lives by the creed, which I do, of ‘treat others as you would want to be treated,’ ” Jane Sanders said.
They texted back and forth throughout the primaries and were often seated together at debates because their husbands were often close together in polling. Jill struck Jane as a well-grounded person who genuinely cares about people. “Washington is not the most authentic place,” Jane said, “and when you find people that you know mean what they say and say what they mean, that’s something to treasure.”
Jane still wishes it was her husband accepting the Democratic nomination this week, of course, and says she and Bernie plan to keep pulling Joe Biden to the left on the issues; a former college president herself, Jane hopes to work with Jill on student debt and free college. (Jill currently supports free community colleges.) “Jill cares. She’s from a working-class background. That’s going to be good for America,” Jane said.
“This is odd,” she said, “but I said to Bernie long ago, ‘Wow, you know, I’d vote for you for president, but I think I’d vote for Jill as first lady if I had the option.’ “
By The Washington Post · Lena H. Sun, Brady Dennis · NATIONAL, HEALTH, SCIENCE-ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH-NEWS WASHINGTON – The federal government is asking four states and one city to draft plans for how they would distribute a coronavirus vaccine when limited doses become available, possibly as early as this fall.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Defense Department and other agencies began working with officials in California, Florida, Minnesota, North Dakota and Philadelphia this week to develop plans to transport and store vaccine doses, and to prioritize who would receive them.
Those plans, which will take into account each location’s racial and ethnic makeup, population density and other factors, will be shared with other states to help with their own vaccine distribution planning. The discussions with states this week offer some of the first details of the federal government’s plans at a time when information shared by the administration has been limited and often confusing.
The race for a vaccine continues to unfold amid the backdrop of a crippling pandemic that shows few signs of abating.
As of Friday, at least 164,ooo Americans have died after becoming infected, according to data tracked by The Washington Post. The seven-day average for deaths remains above 1,000 per day, where it has remained since July 27. On average, more than 50,000 new U.S. cases have been diagnosed per day since July 6. On Friday, California became the first state to report more than 600,000 coronavirus cases.
The United States has begun planning the largest vaccination campaign ever undertaken, requiring extraordinary coordination, planning and communication. U.S. officials said this week that Operation Warp Speed, the Trump administration’s effort to expedite development of coronavirus countermeasures, is on track to deliver tens of millions of vaccine doses by January.
President Donald Trump has repeatedly said he hopes a viable vaccine can be ready before year’s end – a startlingly fast goal compared with the normal process – but public health experts have said the timetable remains in flux.
No vaccine for the novel coronavirus, which causes the disease named covid-19, has yet been approved. But of the roughly 200 experimental vaccines aimed at ending the pandemic, two have moved into the advanced stage of testing in the United States in thousands of people to check their effectiveness and safety.
In planning discussions, one of the hottest topics involves freezers. At least one vaccine candidate is expected to require storage at very cold temperatures, about minus 70 degrees Celsius (minus 94 Fahrenheit).
A top CDC official told state immunization officials Wednesday that states probably won’t be expected to buy special freezers. But if a vaccine is approved by the Food and Drug Administration that requires such cold storage, states should prepare sites for mass vaccination clinics, because doctors’ offices aren’t likely to store and administer such shots.
On Friday, the Defense and Health and Human Services departments announced that McKesson Corp. will be a central distributor of the vaccines and related supplies. The CDC is executing an existing contract option of $178 million with McKesson to support vaccine distribution, an HHS statement said. McKesson also distributed the H1N1 vaccine during that pandemic in 2009-2010. The company will work under the CDC’s guidance to ship the vaccines to sites where shots will be administered, the statement said.
Although Trump has said repeatedly that the military will deliver vaccines, the Defense Department “is not actually going to be distributing or delivering the vaccines itself,” Paul Mango, deputy chief of staff for policy at HHS, told reporters this week. Rather, the military will handle logistics of manufacturing, including acquisition of raw material, establishing factories and training workers.
“With few exceptions, our commercial distribution partners will be responsible for handling all the vaccines,” Mango said in an email Thursday.
In the months ahead, state and federal officials will face a huge logistical challenge. They must figure out how to transport and store massive amounts of vaccine. They must also determine who should get the first doses.
The first doses will probably be given to high-priority groups such as front-line health-care personnel and essential workers. Final recommendations on who is considered high priority are expected to be made this fall by an independent advisory committee and a federal immunization advisory panel.
In a letter dated Aug. 4 and sent to state officials, the CDC directed states to make several assumptions for their planning.
States should assume any vaccine will be distributed directly to health-care providers. Vaccine providers must enroll with their jurisdiction’s immunization program to receive doses. Needles and syringes and limited amounts of face masks and face shields will be distributed to providers “proportionately by the federal government at no cost,” the letter to states said.
The amount of vaccine allocated to each jurisdiction will be based on several factors, including population size, the letter states.
Recommendations on which groups should receive vaccines will likely change, depending on the characteristics of each vaccine, available supply and the disease’s epidemiology.
In a meeting with state immunization officials and other experts Wednesday, Nancy Messonnier, who leads the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, stressed the need for urgency and flexibility in completing plans by Oct. 1, the earliest she said vaccines could be available.
“We need states to have draft plans even if the draft plans aren’t perfect,” she told the group.
Other U.S. officials have said such an October scenario is extremely unlikely.
“That would be astounding,” National Institutes of Health Director Francis Collins said during a Thursday HHS briefing. The only way that could happen, he said, is if one of the advanced trials underway was able to enroll volunteers “at absolute record speed,” and the vaccine was deemed safe and effective by the FDA even before all the volunteers signed up.
“That’s a number of unlikelihoods piled on top of each other,” Collins said, adding, “Maybe November, December would be my best bet.”
The relentless nature of the pandemic has battered not only the nation’s economy and those on the front line of combating the virus, but also a large swatch of ordinary Americans.
A new report from the CDC on Friday found that 41 percent of more than 5,400 respondents to a recent Web-based survey reported “considerably elevated adverse mental health conditions associated with covid-19,” including the 30 percent who outlined symptoms of anxiety and depression.
At least 13 percent of those who responded with mental health symptoms reported having started use or increasing use of controlled substances, and nearly 11 percent said they had seriously considered suicide in the previous 30 days.
Hispanic respondents had a higher prevalence of anxiety disorder and depressive disorder symptoms, substance abuse and suicidal thoughts than non-Hispanic Whites or Asians. The report noted that Black respondents also saw an increase in substance use and suicidal thoughts in the past 30 days more than Whites and Asians who participated.
Responses to the pandemic have also acutely affected essential workers and unpaid caregivers, according to the report, which concluded that the identified high-risk groups should be prioritized in intervention and prevention efforts.
Friday also brought the latest reminders that the virus is adept at spreading wherever people gather, as the rocky reopening of schools across the country has demonstrated.
Less than a week into the start of classes at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, school officials on Friday announced two clusters of coronavirus cases in student housing.
The university said in an alert sent to students and staff that the clusters, which are five or more cases within the same buildings, were identified at Ehringhaus Community, a freshman dorm, and Granville Towers apartments.
The school didn’t say how many infections are part of the outbreaks. A spokesperson didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment from The Washington Post.
The news of the clusters comes as other schools bring back students and report surges in cases. The University of Notre Dame tallied 29 confirmed cases Friday – more than double its count two days ago, according to a schoolwide tracker.
One of the main concerns for students, parents and administrators is the spread of the virus in student housing, especially in communal spaces or where residents may share close contact.
Columbia University President Lee Bollinger announced Friday that the school will “drastically scale back” student housing, meaning all classes will need to be held virtually.
Several European countries also ended the week with rising coronavirus cases and new restrictions in place in an effort to contain outbreaks without having to revert to major shutdowns.
Amid spiking case counts, Greece on Friday extended a midnight curfew on bars and restaurants, as well as a 50-person cap on public gatherings in areas with increasing coronavirus cases.
Spain on Friday issued a ban on nightclubs, late-night drinking, and smoking and drinking in public after the country recorded 2,935 new cases, including 8,000 since Wednesday. Spain was one of the epicenters of the virus in March and April, and the country went into a strict lockdown to flatten its curve. Since reopening, however, the tourism-reliant country has seen a sharp jump in cases again.
Italy on Friday announced that holidaymakers returning from Spain, Greece, Croatia and Malta would have to be tested for the virus. And Germany expanded its travel warning for Spain, marking the whole country except for the Canary Islands as high-risk and requiring coronavirus tests for all returnees.
Meanwhile, a ban on all “nonessential” travel at U.S. land borders with Canada and Mexico will extend into its sixth month, officials said Friday.
Acting U.S. homeland security secretary Chad Wolf and Canadian Public Safety Minister Bill Blair announced the extension on Twitter.
“We will continue to do what’s necessary to keep our communities safe,” Blair said.
The restrictions were imposed in mid-March and have been extended every month since. The current measures, which were set to expire next week, will remain in place until Sept. 21.
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A medical worker in March instructs a driver at a coronavirus testing site in Arlington, Va. MUST CREDIT: Photo for The Washington Post by Michael A. McCoy
Jill Biden, shown introducing her husband at a 2013 event, is taking an active role in his campaign for president. MUST CREDIT: Photo for The Washington Post by Astrid Riecken
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